S1. Characteristics of pooled studies.
| Study name | Study year | No. of Screened | Age
(year) |
Screening tests | Follow-up procedure | Histology location and review |
| SPOCCS, Shanxi Province Cervical Cancer Screening Study; IARC, International Agency for Research on Cancer; HC2, hybrid capture 2; LBC, liquid-based cytology; VIA, visual inspection via acetic acid; ECC, endocervical curettage; CICAMS, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; AFB, ampersand’s fluorescent biomolecular markers; HPV, human papillomavirus; ASC-US, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance; ASC-H, atypical squamous cells, favor high grade; LSIL, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; VILI, visual inspection via Lugol’s iodine. | ||||||
| SPOCCS I | 1999 | 1,997 | 35−45 | HC2 (self, physician), fluorescence test, LBC, VIA, colposcopy | All females received 4-quadrant biopsies and ECC under colposcopy | CICAMS; Blinded international review |
| SPOCCS II | 2001−
2002 |
8,497 | 35−50 | HC2 (self, physician), LBC, VIA, AFB | Positive VIA, self- or physician-test for high-risk HPV, or an abnormal AFB, or a positive Pap test (ASCUS or worse): 4-quadrant biopsies and ECC | CICAMS |
| SPOCCS III−
Shanxi |
2006 | 884 | 16−54 | HC2 (self, physician), LBC, VIA | 1) Positive VIA or positive self-HC2: colposcopy and directed biopsy, ECC if necessary; 2) positive physician-collected HC2 or ≥ASC-H on LBC: colposcopy and 4-quadrant biopsies, ECC if necessary | CICAMS; Blinded international review |
| SPOCCS III−
Beijing |
2006 | 795 | 16−54 | HC2, LBC, VIA | 1) Positive VIA: colposcopy and directed biopsy, ECC if necessary; 2) Positive physician-collected HC2 and ASC-US on LBC or ≥ASC-H: colposcopy and 4-quadrant biopsies, ECC if necessary | Peking University People’s Hospital; Blinded international and CICAMS review |
| SPOCCS III−
Xinjiang |
2006 | 883 | 16−54 | HC2 (self, physician), LBC, VIA | Same as SPOCCS III−Shanxi | CICAMS; Blinded international review |
| SPOCCS III−
Henan |
2006 | 879 | 16−54 | HC2 (self, physician), LBC, VIA | Same as SPOCCS III−Shanxi | CICAMS; Blinded international review |
| SPOCCS III−
Shanghai |
2007 | 774 | 16−54 | HC2, LBC, VIA | 1) Positive VIA: colposcopy and directed biopsy, ECC if necessary; 2) Positive physician-collected HC2 or ≥ASC-H: colposcopy and 4-quadrant biopsies, ECC if necessary | Shanghai; Blinded international and CICAMS review |
| IARC−
Shanxi |
2004 | 745 | 15−59 | HC2 fluorescence test, LBC, VIA, VILI, colposcopy | 1) Positive colposcopy or fluorescence test: directed biopsy, and ECC if necessary; 2) Negative colposcopy, but HC2 positive and ASC-US, or ≥LSIL on LBC: Follow up one year later | Yangchen County Cancer Hospital; Blinded CICAMS review |
|
Fast
HPV trial |
2007 | 818 | 30−50 | HC2, careHPVTM, LBC, VIA, VILI | 1) Either VIA/VILI or careHPVTM was positive: colposcopy and directed biopsy, and ECC if necessary; 2) VIA, VILI and careHPVTM were negative, or colposcopy was negative, but HC2 positive or ≥LSIL on cytology: 4-quadrant biopsies, and ECC if necessary | CICAMS |
| Prevalence
Survey, Jiangsu |
2008 | 316 | 18−25 | HC2, LBC, VIA | 1) Positive VIA: colposcopy and directed biopsy, and ECC if necessary; 2) Negative VIA but ≥ASC-H on LBC: colposcopy and 4-quadrant biopsies, and ECC if necessary; 3) Negative VIA but HC2 positive and ≤ASC-US on LBC: colposcopy and directed biopsy, and ECC if necessary | CICAMS |
| HC2
trial |
2008 | 1,059 | 30−59 | HC2, LBC, VIA, VILI | 1) Positive VIA/VILI: directed biopsy, and ECC if necessary; 2) Negative VIA/VILI but HC2 positive and ASC-US, or ≥ASC-H on LBC: colposcopy and 4-quadrant biopsies, and ECC if necessary; 3) Either HC2 positive or ASC-US on LBC: directed biopsy, and ECC if necessary | CICAMS |