(a) WT, P2X5−/−, P2X7−/− and P2X5/7 DKO mice were infected intravenously with 105 CFU of Lm and monitored for 7 days (n = 5–6 mice per group) (b) Killing assays employing WT, P2X5−/− and P2X7−/− BMMs were performed with Lm infection at MOI 10 for 30 min or 4 hr. (c) WT and P2X5−/− were treated with 20 U apyrase intraperitoneally the day before infection, 20 min after infection, and 6hr after infection, and then monitored for 14 days (n = 5–6 mice per group). (d) Killing assays employing WT and P2X5−/− BMMs treated with either medium only, apyrase, ATPγS, apyrase combined with ATPγS, ADPβS, or adenosine combined with ADA were performed with Lm infection at MOI 10 for 30 min or 4 hr. Data are representative of at least two independent experiments. (**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001).