Table 1.
Pre-operative & Demographic Data
| Variable | Total (n=117) | Non-Cryoablation (n=92) | Cryoablation (n=25) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Years) | 57 (50, 64) | 57 (50, 63) | 60 (51, 67) | 0.2 |
| Sex (Female) | 31 (26) | 28 (30) | 3 (12) | 0.06 |
| Pre-existing Comorbidities | ||||
| CAD | 11 (9.4) | 8 (8.7) | 3 (12) | 0.62 |
| Diabetes | 11 (9.4) | 9 (9.8) | 2 (8) | 0.79 |
| Dialysis | 3 (2.6) | 2 (2.2) | 1 (4) | 0.61 |
| Hypertension | 106 (91) | 83 (90) | 23 (92) | 1.0 |
| CVA | 13 (11) | 12 (13) | 1 (4) | 0.29 |
| CHF | 20 (17) | 14 (15) | 6 (24) | 0.37 |
| Arrhythmia | 17 (15) | 14 (15) | 3 (12) | 1.0 |
| Liver Disease | 5 (4.3) | 3 (3.3) | 2 (8) | 0.29 |
| MFS | 12 (10) | 11 (12) | 1 (4) | 0.46 |
| Aortic Insufficiency | 0.79 | |||
| None | 49 (42) | 38 (41) | 11 (44) | |
| Trivial/Trace/Minimal | 32 (27) | 24 (26) | 8 (32) | |
| Mild | 31 (26) | 25 (27) | 6 (24) | |
| Moderate | 5 (4.3) | 5 (5.4) | 0 (0) | |
| Aortic Stenosis | 6 (5.1) | 6 (6.5) | 0 (0) | 0.34 |
| BAV | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0.21 |
| Lung Disease | 0.13 | |||
| None | 86 (74) | 67 (73) | 19 (76) | 0.75 |
| Mild | 16 (14) | 14 (15) | 2 (8) | 0.35 |
| Moderate | 12 (10) | 8 (8.7) | 4 (16) | 0.29 |
| Severe | 3 (2.6) | 3 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 1.0 |
| Tobacco Use | 0.23 | |||
| Nonsmoker | 38 (32) | 31 (34) | 7 (28) | 0.60 |
| Former Smoker | 58 (50) | 43 (47) | 15 (60) | 0.24 |
| Current Smoker | 21 (18) | 18 (20) | 3 (12) | 0.38 |
| Alcohol | 0.36 | |||
| None | 73 (62) | 55 (60) | 18 (72) | 0.26 |
| <1 drink/week | 24 (21) | 22 (24) | 2 (8) | 0.08 |
| 2-7 drinks/week | 12 (10) | 9 (10) | 3 (12) | 0.75 |
| >8 drinks/week | 8 (6.8) | 6 (6) | 2 (8) | 0.79 |
| Previous Cardiac Surgery | ||||
| CABG | 10 (8.5) | 8 (8.7) | 2 (0) | 1.0 |
| Valve Surgery on Any Valve | 44 (38) | 35 (38) | 9 (36) | 0.85 |
| Aortic Root Replacement/Repair | 14 (12) | 9 (9.8) | 5 (20) | 0.17 |
| Ascending Aorta Replacement/Repair | 34 (29) | 26 (28) | 8 (32) | 0.72 |
| Aortic Arch Replacement/ Repair | 31 (26) | 24 (26) | 7 (28) | 0.85 |
| Descending Aorta Replacement/Repair | 16 (14) | 12 (13) | 4 (16) | 0.74 |
Data presented as median (25 %, 75 %) for continuous data and n (%) for categorical data.
Abbreviations: CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; MFS, Marfan syndrome; BAV, bicuspid aortic valve; NYHA, New York Heart Association.