Table 2.

Effects of resistant starch (RS) and polydextrose (PD) on crypt cell proliferative state (CCPS) and crypt dimensions

(Least squares means (LSM) with their standard errors; medians and interquartile ranges (IQR))

CCPS marker	Effect of RS								P	Effect of PD								P	Interaction between RS and PD: P
	–				+					–				+
	LSM	Median	IQR	sem	LSM	Median	IQR	sem		LSM	Median	IQR	sem	LSM	Median	IQR	sem
Total mitoses†	4·98			0·61	8·06			0·63	0·001*	6·96			0·63	6·08			0·63	0·336	0·684
Proportion (%) of mitotic cells in the top half of the crypt‡		7·8	10·2			6·9	7·8		0·733		7·3	9·8			6·6	7·8		0·732	0·613
Crypt length (μm)‡		517	104			530	70		0·564		539	53			518	96		0·614	0·168
Crypt width (μm)†	115			2·9	118			3·0	0·436	113			2·9	120			2·9	0·111	0·554
Crypt volume (μm3)†	5·34 × 106			3·51 × 105	6·14 × 106			3·67 × 105	0·159	5·43 × 106			3·60 × 105	6·05 × 106			3·63 × 105	0·198	0·610

^*Significant effect of the intervention (P < 0·05).

^†Data are presented as LSM for data adjusted for pre-intervention measurement, age, sex, endoscopy procedure, BMI and smoking status (ANOVA general linear model (GLM)).

^‡Analysed using the non-parametric Mann–Whitney test.