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Statin-induced inhibition of the mevalonate pathway and structure of statins. (A) Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase significantly blocks the production of mevalonate, a necessary precursor for cholesterol synthesis. Mevalonate is the building block for a variety of other compounds. (B) Structural formulas of statins and HMG-CoA. The HMG-like moiety (in red) is conserved in all statins. The polar substituents responsible of pravastatin and rosuvastatin are colored in green.
