Table 2.
Total (n = 2345) | Young Adults (n = 977) | Middle-Aged Adults (n = 725) | Older Adults (n = 643) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
Age | −0.23 | −0.22 | −0.54 | −0.38 | 1.00 | 1.06 | 0.14 | 0.16 |
Age square (Age 2) | 0.39 * | 0.34 * | 0.51 | 0.35 | −0.94 | −1.01 | −0.17 | −0.17 |
Gender | ||||||||
Male | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
Female | 0.02 | 0.03 | −0.02 | −0.01 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.04 |
Education level | ||||||||
Elementary school | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
Junior high school | 0.03 | 0.03 | -- a | -- a | -- a | -- a | 0.08 | 0.07 |
Senior high school | 0.02 | 0.02 | −0.03 | −0.05 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.05 |
Undergraduate | 0.14 ** | 0.14 ** | 0.02 | −0.00 | 0.19 ** | 0.20 ** | 0.14 ** | 0.12 * |
Postgraduate | 0.10 ** | 0.09 ** | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.12 * | 0.12 * | -- b | -- b |
Marital status | ||||||||
Single or Other | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
Married | 0.12 *** | 0.13 *** | 0.12 ** | 0.13 ** | 0.17 *** | 0.17 *** | 0.05 | 0.06 |
Living alone | ||||||||
No | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
Yes | −0.03 | −0.03 | −0.02 | −0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | −0.11 * | −0.10 * |
Monthly income | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.13 * | 0.13 ** | −0.08 | −0.09 |
Time of vigorous activity | 0.02 | −0.04 | 0.03 | 0.06 | ||||
Time of moderate activity | −0.04 | −0.06 | −0.01 | −0.04 | ||||
Time of walking | −0.02 | −0.04 | −0.01 | −0.02 | ||||
Physical activity level | ||||||||
Low-active | REF | REF | REF | REF | ||||
Moderate-active | 0.12 *** | 0.11 ** | 0.11 ** | 0.14 ** | ||||
High-active | 0.19 *** | 0.23 *** | 0.17 ** | 0.18 ** |
REF, reference. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. a: The reference education group for the young and middle-aged adult groups was elementary school and junior high school. b: The highest education level in the older adults group was the combination of undergraduate and postgraduate levels.