Table 3.

Mediating effect of resilience.

Variable	Step 1. PTG					Step 2. Resilience					Step 3. PTG
	B	S.E.	β	t	p	B	S.E.	β	t	p	B	S.E.	β	t	p
Constant	−0.86	0.28		−3.04	0.003	−0.49	0.15		−3.24	0.001	−0.45	0.26		−1.75	0.081
Age	0.05	0.04	0.09	1.35	0.180	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.21	0.833	0.05	0.04	0.08	1.39	0.165
Gender	−0.06	0.23	−0.02	−0.28	0.779	−0.04	0.12	−0.02	−0.36	0.722	−0.03	0.21	−0.01	−0.14	0.890
School year	−0.15	0.11	−0.08	−1.33	0.184	0.13	0.06	0.14	2.19	0.030	−0.26	0.10	−0.14	−2.54	0.012
Self-reporting economic status	−0.01	0.18	0.00	−0.06	0.952	0.11	0.10	0.06	1.15	0.253	−0.10	0.16	−0.03	−0.63	0.530
Grade point average	0.06	0.09	0.03	0.59	0.557	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.85	0.396	0.02	0.09	0.01	0.24	0.814
Stress level of clinical practice	0.22	0.05	0.22	3.96	0.000	0.05	0.03	0.10	1.85	0.065	0.17	0.05	0.17	3.48	0.001
Satisfaction with one’s major	0.34	0.11	0.20	3.17	0.002	0.20	0.06	0.22	3.42	0.001	0.18	0.10	0.10	1.80	0.073
Satisfaction with university life	0.27	0.10	0.16	2.63	0.009	0.15	0.05	0.17	2.84	0.005	0.14	0.09	0.08	1.51	0.133
Academic motivation	0.27	0.09	0.16	2.91	0.004	0.14	0.05	0.15	2.69	0.007	0.16	0.09	0.09	1.89	0.060
Resilience											0.82	0.10	0.43	8.17	0.000

Note. The reference groups for the table data are as follows: gender (male), academic year (third), economic status (low group), grade point average (lower than 3.5), clinical stress level (low or middle), satisfaction with one’s major (unsatisfied or fair), satisfaction with university life (unsatisfied or fair), and academic motivation (extrinsic). PTG: post-traumatic growth., S.E.: standard error, β: standardized beta coefficient, B: non-standardized coefficients.