Table 2.
Citizens’ proactive behavior against COVID–19 (%).
| Statements | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | MS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Avoid all non–mandatory transportation and travel | 1.5 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 4.7 | 7.9 | 21.5 | 60.6 | 6.22 |
| 2. Avoid contact with individuals who have respiratory symptoms | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 4.0 | 9.3 | 21.3 | 59.7 | 6.21 |
| 3. Avoid contact with individuals at high risk for severe illness (vulnerable groups) | 1.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 4.6 | 9.0 | 22.8 | 58.0 | 6.18 |
| 4. Use of hand sanitizer (that contains at least 60% alcohol) after touching objects and surfaces in public | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 3.5 | 9.3 | 22.5 | 58.7 | 6.17 |
| 5. Self–quarantine at home for 14 days following the last exposure with suspected infected individuals | 2.0 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 4.4 | 9.4 | 18.6 | 60.8 | 6.16 |
| 6. Self–isolation for at least 14 days after contact with people who have come from abroad | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 4.6 | 7.5 | 20.6 | 60.5 | 6.16 |
| 7. Very good hand washing after touching objects and surfaces in public | 1.5 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 9.9 | 22.5 | 56.4 | 6.12 |
| 8. Strict compliance with hygiene standards regarding shared toilets (evidence of fecal–oral transmission) | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 6.5 | 9.7 | 19.0 | 57.6 | 6.06 |
| 9. Strict adherence to hygiene rules at home | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.7 | 5.5 | 11.9 | 25.5 | 50.7 | 6.03 |
| 10. Obey the government restrictions to prevent COVID–19 disease | 1.7 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 5.3 | 11.1 | 27.2 | 49.6 | 6.02 |
| 11. Avoid crowded and overcrowded public areas | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 5.2 | 11.2 | 25.7 | 50.8 | 6.01 |
| 12. Wash thoroughly fruits and vegetables | 2.1 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 6.8 | 11.6 | 22.8 | 51.2 | 5.96 |
| 13. Limit transportation only to the necessary | 2.1 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 6.0 | 12.7 | 25.3 | 48.1 | 5.93 |
| 14. Clean and disinfect objects and surfaces that are frequently touched by many people | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 6.8 | 12.8 | 25.1 | 47.8 | 5.92 |
| 15. Avoid touching the face (in particular, eyes, nose, and mouth) with hands | 1.6 | 3.6 | 2.8 | 6.5 | 13.6 | 27.9 | 43.8 | 5.86 |
| 16. Always maintain a distance of at least 2 meters from others | 1.6 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 7.0 | 15.3 | 25.9 | 44.1 | 5.86 |
| 17. Avoid contact with other people outside the immediate family environment as much as possible | 2.1 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 6.8 | 15.6 | 26.6 | 43.2 | 5.84 |
| 18. Adopt respiratory hygiene (covering the cough or sneeze drops by wearing a face mask and washing my hands often.) | 3.8 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 6.4 | 11.6 | 22.5 | 49.2 | 5.82 |
| 19. Social distancing by home isolation as much as possible | 2.1 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 6.3 | 14.9 | 26.4 | 43.0 | 5.80 |
| 20. Regular update of the COVID–19 disease outbreak and precaution measures that should be implemented | 3.0 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 7.4 | 14.9 | 25.8 | 41.8 | 5.72 |
| 21. Clean and disinfect packaged products | 7.6 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 9.4 | 14.0 | 20.5 | 37.0 | 5.25 |
| 22. Movement to public services, organizations, and areas wearing hand gloves | 9.3 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 7.8 | 13.2 | 22.3 | 36.2 | 5.22 |
| 23. Avoid contact with wild animals | 9.4 | 6.6 | 5.1 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 17.6 | 38.1 | 5.15 |
| 24. Wear single–use hand gloves in public settings | 10.5 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 8.7 | 14.1 | 20.2 | 35.0 | 5.11 |
| 25. Use a mask when using public transportation | 14.5 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 8.5 | 13.7 | 19.2 | 32.0 | 4.86 |
| 26. Use a mask when in public | 15.3 | 7.1 | 5.9 | 10.0 | 15.4 | 19.8 | 26.5 | 4.69 |
| 27. Check daily body temperature, monitoring for fever, cough, or dyspnea | 19.2 | 10.8 | 8.9 | 13.5 | 14.2 | 15.1 | 18.2 | 4.11 |
Source: the authors.