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. 2020 Jun 29;21(13):4626. doi: 10.3390/ijms21134626

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Effect of capsaicine and endomorphin-2 on phosphorylation of MAP kinases. HEK293/TRPV1, HMY-1/TRPV1, and HMY-1 cells were incubated for 5 min in the absence (Ctrl) and presence of 1 µM capsaicin (Caps) or endomorphin-2 (End-2). In some experiments, β-arrestin 2 was knocked down (β-Arr2(↓)) before treatment of the cells with the agonists. Aliquots of whole cell lysates (30 µg protein/lane) were resolved by SDS-PAGE and subjected to immunoblotting using specific antibodies against ERK1/2 and pERK1/2 (A,B), p38 and p-p38 (C), and JNK and pJNK (D). Shown are representative blots from four independent experiments. The band intensities were densitometrically evaluated and normalized to β-actin levels. Results are expressed as means ± S.E.M. of the ratios of phosphorylated to unphosphorylated MAPK forms (* p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001 compared to corresponding control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 compared to HMY-1/TRPV1; + p < 0.05, ++ p < 0.01, +++ p < 0.001 compared to cells treated with Caps).