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. 2020 Jun 29;21(13):4619. doi: 10.3390/ijms21134619

Figure 5.

Figure 5

PA inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in UVA-irradiated HDF cells. Expression of TNF-α in UVA-irradiated HDF cells (A); expression of IL-6 in UVA-irradiated HDF cells (B); expression of IL-1β in UVA-irradiated HDF cells (C). The expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by the use of commercial ELISA kits, following the manufacturer’s instructions. The values are expressed as the mean ± SD in triplicate experiments. ## p < 0.01 indicates a significant difference compared to the control group. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 indicate a significant difference compared to the only UVA-irradiated groups.