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. 2020 Jun 29;21(13):4619. doi: 10.3390/ijms21134619

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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PA suppresses MAPK activation in UVA-irradiated HDF cells. The inhibitory effects of PA on UVA-induced MAPK; ERK, JNK and p38 activation (A); and relative activated MAPK levels (B). The relative activated MAPK levels were compared with GAPDH. The values are expressed as the mean ± SD in triplicate experiments. ^## p <0.01 indicates a significant difference compared to the control groups. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 indicate a significant difference compared to the only UVA-irradiated groups.