Table 2.
Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Infections.11
| Pathogen | Test(s) | Positive donor screen | Transfusion-transmitted infection risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trypanosoma cruzi | Ab | 1:15 000 | |
| HBV | HBsAg; anti-HBc; NAT/DNA |
1:12 000 | 1:800 000-1 000 000 |
| HCV | NAT Mini-pool |
1:5000 | 1:1 000 000 |
| HIV ½ | NAT; Ab mini-pool | 1:33 000 (HIV-1; only 5 total HIV-2 units screened since 199211) |
1: 1 000 000 (HIV-1) |
| HTLV I/II | Combined anti-HTLV-I/II Ab; Western blot (confirmatory) | 1:27 000 (HTLV-II slightly more common) | <1: 2 000 000 |
| Treponema pallidum | Ab | No known cases >50 years | |
| Zika virus | NAT (screen); Ab (confirmatory) | To be determined | To be determined |
| West Nile virus | NAT mini-pool | 3500 total (2003-2016) | 14 total from screened blood (low viral loads), or 1:84 million donations |
| Babesia microti | NAT/PCR; Western blot IFA |
1:300 (endemic) | 1:18 000-1:100 000 (endemic) |
| Malaria | <1:1,000 000 |
Abbreviations: HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IFA, indirect fluorescent antibody; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; HTLV, Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus; Ab, Antibody.