Table 1.
The population characteristics of patients
| Without IHD n = 209 (73.9) | With IHD n = 74 (26.1) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Mean age (years) | 51.9 ± 12.3 | 54.0 ± 13.8 | 0.233 |
| Sex (male/female) | 110 (52.6) / 99 (47.4) | 31 (41.9) / 43 (58.1) | 0.112 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.1 ± 3.5 | 21.9 ± 2.7 | < 0.001 |
| ASA score 1/2/3 | 52(24.9)/136(65.1)/21(10.0) | 14(18.9)/53(71.6)/7(9.5) | 0.548 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 61 (29.2) | 23 (31.1) | 0.759 |
| Coronary heart disease | 66 (31.6) | 37 (50.0) | 0.005 |
| Hypertension Normal/Intermittent/Continuous | 82(39.2)/47(22.5)/80(38.3) | 30(40.5)/18(24.3)/26(35.1) | 0.883 |
| Arrhythmia | 12 (5.7) | 4 (5.4) | 0.914b |
| Preoperative data | |||
| Tumor side (left/right) | 103 (49.3) / 106 (50.7) | 39 (52.7) / 35 (47.3) | 0.613 |
| Radiographic tumor size (cm) | 5.2 ± 2.5 | 6.5 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 |
| Tumor necrosis | 69 (33.0) | 33 (44.6) | 0.075 |
| Tumor enhanced CT difference (Hu) | 43.2 ± 20.6 | 45.6 ± 20.2 | 0.435 |
| Use of α adrenoreceptor antagonists | 115 (55.0) | 42 (56.8) | 0.797 |
| Use of crystal/colloid fluid | 118 (56.5) | 29 (39.2) | 0.011 |
| Use of blood transfusion | 54 (25.8) | 15 (20.3) | 0.338 |
| 24-h urine metanephrines/ normal upper limit | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 1.47 (0.9–2.7) | 0.153a |
| Intraoperative data | |||
| Laparoscopic vs. Open | 109 (52.2) / 100 (47.8) | 42 (56.8) / 32 (43.2) | 0.495 |
Continuous variables with normal distribution are reported as the mean ± standard deviation (SD), while non-normal continuous variables as the median (interquartile range) and categorical variables as numbers (percentages). Student’s t-test was used to compare the mean values of two continuous normally distributed variables and the Mann–Whitney U-test was used to determine mean values of two continuous non-normally distributed variables. The chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables
a Mann–Whitney U-test
b Fisher’s exact test
BMI body mass index; ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists; CT computed tomography; IHD intraoperative hemodynamic instability