. 2020 Jul 20;20:380. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02751-5

Table 2.

Neuropsychological Domains and Tests Evaluated in the Study

Domain Definition	Subtest variables
Intelligence General intelligence (IQ)	Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence (WASI) [44, 45] Block Design; Matrix; Vocabulary; and Similarities.
Attention Endogenous processing of selecting relevant stimuli (concentrating) in the environment (e.g., objects)^a	Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT) [46] Span A; Span B
Trail making test (TMT) – Delis-Kaplan executive function scale (D-KEFS) [47] 1^st condition omissions; and 4^th condition sequence errors
Design fluency test (DFT) – D-KEFS [47] DFT 1 and 2 - % errors
Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) [48] WCST failures to maintain set.
Go/NoGo [49] Go/NoGo omissions.
Motor and processing speed Ability to quickly process information and execute it (fine motor skills)	Color-word interference test (CWIT) - D-KEFS [47] Color naming time (CWIT 1); and word reading time (CWIT 2)
Grooved pegboard test [50] Dominant hand time; and non-dominant hand time
TMT – D-KEFS [47] 5^th condition time
Visuoconstructive abilities Coordination of fine motor skills with spatial abilities	Block Design test - WASI [44, 45]
Rey-Osterrieth complex figure (ROCF) [51] Copy total score
Visuospatial memory Memory for visual and spatial information	Corsi block-tapping test (CBTT) - Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-R) [52] Forward hits
ROCF [51] Immediate recall; and Delayed recall
Verbal memory Memory for verbal information	Digit span test (DST) - Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III) [53] Forward hits
Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT) [46] Immediate recall; and delayed recall
Working memory Ability to retain information and perform mental operations from them	DST – WISC-III [53] Backward hits
CBTT – WMS-R [52] Backward hits
Cognitive flexibility Ability to change the perspectives, thinking of new possibilities for solving a problem	WCST [48] Perseverative errors; and categories DFT – D-KEFS [47] DFT 3 - % perseverative responses
Brixton [54] Brixton hits
TMT – D-KEFS [47] 4^th - 5^th condition time difference
Inhibitory control Ability to resist an inclination to perform an action and, opting for a more convenient one	Go/NoGo – commission errors
CWIT – D-KEFS [47] CWIT 3 errors; CWIT 4 errors; and CWIT 3-1 time difference

Domain Definition

Subtest variables

Intelligence

General intelligence (IQ)

Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence (WASI) [44, 45]

Block Design; Matrix; Vocabulary; and Similarities.

Attention

Endogenous processing of selecting relevant stimuli (concentrating) in the environment (e.g., objects)^a

Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT) [46]

Span A; Span B

Trail making test (TMT) – Delis-Kaplan executive function scale (D-KEFS) [47]

1^st condition omissions; and 4^th condition sequence errors

Design fluency test (DFT) – D-KEFS [47]

DFT 1 and 2 - % errors

Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) [48]

WCST failures to maintain set.

Go/NoGo [49]

Go/NoGo omissions.

Motor and processing speed

Ability to quickly process information and execute it (fine motor skills)

Color-word interference test (CWIT) - D-KEFS [47]

Color naming time (CWIT 1); and word reading time (CWIT 2)

Grooved pegboard test [50]

Dominant hand time; and non-dominant hand time

TMT – D-KEFS [47]

5^th condition time

Visuoconstructive abilities

Coordination of fine motor skills with spatial abilities

Block Design test - WASI [44, 45]

Rey-Osterrieth complex figure (ROCF) [51]

Copy total score

Visuospatial memory

Memory for visual and spatial information

Corsi block-tapping test (CBTT) - Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-R) [52]

Forward hits

ROCF [51]

Immediate recall; and Delayed recall

Verbal memory

Memory for verbal information

Digit span test (DST) - Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III) [53]

Forward hits

Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT) [46]

Immediate recall; and delayed recall

Working memory

Ability to retain information and perform mental operations from them

DST – WISC-III [53]

Backward hits

CBTT – WMS-R [52]

Backward hits

Cognitive flexibility

Ability to change the perspectives, thinking of new possibilities for solving a problem

WCST [48]

Perseverative errors; and categories

DFT – D-KEFS [47]

DFT 3 - % perseverative responses

Brixton [54]

Brixton hits

TMT – D-KEFS [47]

4^th - 5^th condition time difference

Inhibitory control

Ability to resist an inclination to perform an action and, opting for a more convenient one

Go/NoGo – commission errors

CWIT – D-KEFS [47]

CWIT 3 errors; CWIT 4 errors; and CWIT 3-1 time difference

^a Attention is not a unitary system – it refers to several different capacities of how the organism comes receptive to stimuli and the ability to maintain concentration focused on stimuli over time (sustained attention). WASI – Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence; TMT – Trail making test; D-KEFS – Delis-Kaplan executive function scale, DTF – Design fluency test; WCST – Wisconsin card sorting test; CWIT – Color-word interference test; CBTT – Corsi block-tapping test; WMS – Wechsler Memory Scale; ROCF – Rey-Osterrieth complex figure; DST – Digit span test; WISC III – Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 3rd edition; RAVLT – Rey auditory verbal learning test