Table 2.
Baseline characteristics
| COVID-19 cohort (n = 309) | Pre-COVID-19 cohort (n = 407) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age in years (± SD) | 70 (14) | 69 (16) | 0.18 |
| Male, n (%) | 183/309 (59) | 190/407 (47) | < 0.001 |
| Mean systolic blood pressure (mmHg ± SD)a | 154 (28) | 155 (28) | 0.31 |
| Mean diastolic blood pressure (mmHg ± SD)b | 90 (18) | 87 (19) | 0.09 |
| Median NIHSS (IQR)c | 4 (2–9) | 4 (2–7) | 0.55 |
| Median O2 saturation (IQR)d | 98 (96–99) | 97 (96–99) | 0.57 |
| Fever on admission (> 38 degrees Celsius, n (%)) | 5/226 (2) | 12/289 (4) | 0.22 |
| Medical history | |||
| Stroke or TIA, n (%) | 101/309 (33) | 132/407 (32) | 0.94 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 55/309 (18) | 56/407 (14) | 0.15 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 58/309 (18) | 66/407 (16) | 0.43 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 153/309 (50) | 178/407 (44) | 0.12 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 81/309 (26) | 76/407 (19) | 0.02 |
| Coronary artery disease | 53/309 (17) | 54/407 (13) | 0.15 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 92/309 (29) | 123/407 (30) | 0.90 |
| Medication use | |||
| Statin, n (%) | 113/309 (37) | 155/407 (38) | 0.67 |
| Anticoagulation, n (%) | 31/309 (10) | 52/407 (13) | 0.26 |
| Antiplatelet, n (%) | 95/309 (31) | 117/407 (28) | 0.56 |
| Anti-hypertensive, n (%) | 162/309 (52) | 210/407 (52) | 0.98 |
| Laboratory on admission | |||
| Mean thrombocyte count × 103 per mm3 (± SD)e | 237 (68) | 243 (79) | 0.28 |
| Mean leucocyte count × 103 per mm3 (± SD)f | 9.3 (6.6) | 9.1 (9.2) | 0.77 |
| Mean C-reactive protein in mg/L (± SD)g | 13.4 (41.4) | 10.7 (30.8) | 0.24 |
| Mean glucose in mmol/L (± SD)h | 7.9 (3.4) | 7.6 (3.8) | 0.35 |
| Onset of symptoms | 0.07 | ||
| Witnessed, n (%) | 170/309 (56) | 242/407 (60) | |
| Wake-up, n (%) | 62/309 (20) | 55/407 (14) | |
| Unknown, n (%) | 73/309 (24) | 104/407 (27) | |
| In-hospital occurrence of ischemic stroke, n (%) | 10/309 (6) | 6/407 (3) | 0.36 |
| Process measures | |||
| Onset-to-door time (median, minutes, IQR)i | 187 (71–606) | 150 (75–544) | 0.39 |
| Door-to-CT brain (median, minutes, IQR)j | 13 (8–22) | 12 (8–21) | 0.42 |
| Large vessel occlusion, n (%) | 46/180 (26) | 42/194 (22) | 0.44 |
Missing values, n (%): a36 (5), b36(5), cIschemic stroke patients only, no missing values. d83 (12), e71 (10),f44 (6), g71 (10), h83 (12), IFor patients with unwitnessed onset of symptoms, the last-seen-well time was used to calculate the time interval between onset of symptoms and arrival at first hospital, 131 (18), j 64 (9)