FIG. 2.

NOX enzyme inhibition and antifibrotic therapies. Compounds that have proven beneficial in ameliorating fibrosis in animal models of organ fibrosis and/or in cellular models of myofibroblast differentiation. The discovery of these compounds resulted from three different drug discovery strategies: the development of small molecule inhibitors through high-throughput screening, application of herbal medicines, and the repurposing of prescription drugs. H₂O₂, hydrogen peroxide; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; NOX, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase; VSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cells. Color images are available online.