TABLE 5.

Effect of Surgery on Overall Survival

		Median survival (mo)
		Surgery	No surgery	P value
Overall		237	215	<0.001
Gender
	Male	215	166	<0.001
	Female	267	211	0.002
Age (y)
	0–2	39	1	<0.001
	3–9	288	101	0.896
	10–19	348	64	0.428
	20–29	379	115	0.735
	30–39	267	162	0.043
	40–49	288	215	0.464
	50–59	164	77	0.192
	60–69	97	15	0.006
	70–79	79	9	<0.001
	80+	37	4	0.017
Race
	White	237	215	<0.001
	Black	253	15	0.003
	Other	315	72	0.349
Ethnicity
	Hispanic	196	83	0.026
	Non-Hispanic	237	215	<0.001
Site
Spinal cord		300	166	<0.001
Supratentorial		117	31	<0.001
	Brain	93	34	0.012
	Ventricle	136	3	0.001
Infratentorial		145	16	0.002
	Brain stem	145	15	0.003
	Cerebellum	102	75	0.365
Other		107	2	0.779
WHO grade
	Grade II ependymomas	254	215	<0.001
	Grade III anaplastic ependymomas	54	11	0.003
Radiation
	Yes	180	72	0.298
	No	280	215	<0.001