Table 3.
Risk assessment for NON-RANDOMISED studies-robins-I tool.
| STUDY | Pre-intervention |
At intervention |
Post-intervention |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bias due to confounding | Bias in selection of participants into the study | Bias in classification of interventions | Bias due to deviations from intended interventions | Bias due to missing data | Bias in measurement of outcomes | Bias in selection of the reported result | Over all risk of Bias Judgement | |
| YAMADA ET AL;2008 33 | Low risk of Bias | Moderate Risk of Bias | Low risk of Bias | Low risk of Bias | No Information | Low risk of bias | Low risk of Bias | Moderate risk of Bias |
| P. VOSS ET AL;2010 38 | Moderate risk of bias | Moderate Risk of Bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | No Information | Low risk of Bias | Low risk of bias | Moderate Risk of Bias |
| PRINS, SCHULTEN, TEN BRUGGENKATE ET AL;201634 | Low risk of Bias | Low risk of bias | Moderate Risk of Bias | Low risk of Bias | No Information | Low risk of bias | Low risk of Bias | Moderate risk of bias |
| GJERDE ET AL;2018 39 | Low risk bias | Low risk of bias | Moderate Risk of Bias | Low risk of bias | No Information | Low risk of Bias | Low Risk of Bias | Moderate risk of Bias |
| SCHIMMING AND SCHMELZEISEN;2002 37 | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | No information | Low risk of bias | Moderate risk of bias | Moderate risk of bias |