Table 1.
Baseline characteristics: patients without diabetes and patients with diabetes
| Characteristic | Patients without diabetes (n = 1,681, 80%) | Patients with diabetes (n = 416, 20%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics and MI type | |||
| Age at MI | 45.0 (41.0–48.0) | 45.0 (42.0–48.0) | 0.81 |
| Female | 308 (18.3) | 96 (23.1) | 0.028 |
| White | 1,265 (75.3) | 272 (65.4) | <0.001 |
| Income (thousands of dollars) | 72.8 (54.9–88.0) | 62.4 (50.9–80.3) | <0.001 |
| Insurance | 1,344 (89.7) | 328 (90.1) | 0.80 |
| ST-elevation MI | 909 (54.1) | 212 (51.0) | 0.26 |
| Risk factors | |||
| Hypertension | 726 (43.6) | 276 (67.3) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1,523 (90.6) | 387 (93.0) | 0.12 |
| Obesity | 523 (31.1) | 227 (54.6) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.2 (25.9–32.6) | 32.7 (28.4–36.6) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker | 863 (51.7) | 203 (49.9) | 0.51 |
| Alcohol use | 218 (13.1) | 51 (12.6) | 0.78 |
| Substance use | 197 (11.8) | 33 (8.1) | 0.03 |
| PVD | 26 (1.6) | 15 (3.7) | 0.006 |
| Premature CAD in first-degree relative | 480 (28.6) | 102 (24.5) | 0.098 |
| Angina | 1,483 (90.2) | 354 (87.0) | 0.056 |
| ASCVD score | 4.5 (2.6–7.0) | 9.7 (5.4–16.3) | <0.001 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1 (1–1) | 2 (2–3) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory values | |||
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5.6 (5.4–5.8) | 9.1 (7.3–10.9) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (mmol/mol) | 38 (36–40) | 76 (56–96) | |
| Normalized troponin | 43.4 (11.3–148.8) | 33.8 (7.9–154.0) | 0.080 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 0.17 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 80.6 (19.3) | 78.4 (26.8) | 0.055 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 190.3 (46.8) | 200.3 (85.5) | 0.003 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 119.6 (40.7) | 117.4 (66.4) | 0.42 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 37.4 (10.4) | 34.6 (9.4) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 143.0 (100.0–206.0) | 182.0 (123.0–318.0) | <0.001 |
| In-hospital cardiac procedures and length of stay | |||
| Coronary angiography performed | 1,588 (94.5) | 383 (92.1) | 0.065 |
| Revascularization performed | 1,404 (83.5) | 331 (79.6) | 0.056 |
| PCI | 1,291 (76.8) | 277 (66.6) | <0.001 |
| CABG | 118 (7.0) | 59 (14.2) | <0.001 |
| Length of stay (days) | 3.0 (2.0–5.0) | 4.0 (3.0–8.0) | <0.001 |
Data are n (%), median (IQR), or mean (SD). ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.