Table A.1.

Listing and categorisation of antimicrobials classes used in human medicine (examples of veterinary use only drugs are also listed at the end of each category)

Antimicrobials classes	Antimicrobials compounds
Highest priority critically important antimicrobials
Quinolones	e.g. ciprofloxacin, flumequine, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, danofloxacin (V*), enrofloxacin (V*), marbofloxacin (V*)
3rd‐ and 4th‐generation cephalosporins	e.g. cefepime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ceftiofur (V*), cefovecin (V*), cefquinome (V*)
Macrolides and ketolides	e.g. azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, spiramycin, gamithromycin (V*), tildipirosin (V*), tilmicosin (V*), tulathromycin (V*), tylosin (V*)
Glycopeptides	e.g. teicoplanin, telavancin, vancomycin, avoparcin (V*)
Critically important antimicrobials
Aminoglycosides	e.g. amikacin, neomycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, apramycin (V*)
Carbapenems	e.g. imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, panipenem
Penicillins	e.g. amoxicillin, ampicillin, meticillin, penicillin G (=benzylpenicillin), penicillin V (=phenoxymethylpenicillin), penethamate hydriodide (V*)
Polymyxins	e.g. colistin, polymyxin B
Phosponic acid derivatives	e.g. fosfomycin
Glycylcyclines	e.g. tigecycline
Lipopeptides	e.g. daptomycin
Monobactams	e.g. aztreonam, carumonam
Oxazolidinones	e.g. linezolid
Ansamycins	e.g. rifampicin, rifaximin, rifapentine, rifamycin
Drugs used solely to treat tuberculosis or other mycobacterial diseases	e.g. capreomycin, pyrazinamide
Highly important antimicrobials
Amidinopenicillins	e.g. mecillinam, pivmecillinam
Amphenicols	e.g. chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, florfenicol (V*)
1st‐ and 2nd‐ generation cephalosporins and cephamycins	e.g. cefaclor, cefalexin, cefalotin, cefapirin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefalonium (V*)
Lincosamides	e.g. clindamycin, lincomycin, pirlimycin (V*)
Penicillins (antistaphylococcal)	e.g. cloxacilllin, dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin, oxacillin, nafcillin
Pleuromutilins	e.g. retapamulin, tiamulin (V*), valnemulin (V*)
Pseudomonic acids	e.g. mupirocin
Riminofenazines	e.g. clofazimine
Steroids antibacterials	e.g. fusidic acid
Streptogramins	e.g. quinupristin/dalfopristin, pristinamycin, virginiamycin (V*)
Sulfonamides	e.g. sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, formosulfathiazole (V*), phthalylsulfathiazole (V*)
Sulfones	e.g. dapsone, aldesulfone
Tetracyclines	e.g. chlortetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline
Important antimicrobials
Aminocyclitols	e.g. spectinomycin
Cyclic polypeptides	e.g. bacitracin
Nitrofurantoins	e.g. furazolidone, nitrofurantoin, furaltadone (V*)
Nitroimidazoles	e.g. metronidazole, tinidazole, ornidazole

Table adapted from WHO 4th revision 2013 (WHO, 2016).

(V*): Antimicrobial compound authorised only for veterinary medicine only.