Table 2.
Description of minority populations, interventions, and study outcomes.
| Study ID | Study Design | Minority Sample Size | Setting | Population | Intervention | Outcomes and Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chao et al., 2015 [29] | Randomized | 8436 | Southern California (USA) | Black (n = 1231), Hispanic (n = 6184), and Asian (n = 1048) girls and women, 9 to 26 years old (16.7 mean), in a large managed care organization with one dose of HPV vaccine | Reminder: Vaccine reminder letter, in English and Spanish, mailed every three months | Series completion within 12 months
|
| DiClemente et al., 2015 [30] | Randomized | 216 | Atlanta, Georgia (USA) | African American adolescent girls, 13 to 18 years old (16.5 mean), with no previous HPV vaccine, seeking family planning and STI services in health clinics | Education + Reminder: Multi-component, computer-delivered intervention including a culturally-appropriate video and promotional keychain as appointment reminder | Series initiation within seven months
|
| Joseph et al., 2016 [31] | Randomized | 200 | Not Reported (USA) | Haitian American (n = 100) and African American (n = 100) mothers with daughters aged 11 to 15 years old, with no previous HPV vaccine, English and Haitian-Creole speaking, U.S. born or immigrant status, attending primary care visits in a large, urban hospital | Brief Negotiated Interviewing (BNI) with mothers to address beliefs, attitudes, and readiness for behavior change, and to identify next steps for vaccination | Series initiation within one month
|
| Kim et al., 2018 [32] | Randomized | 87 | 6 states in the Northeast (USA) | Korean American female college students, aged 18 to 26 years old (mean = 21.7), having received no previous doses of HPV vaccine, recruited through Korean community sources | Education: A culturally-appropriate online educational story-telling intervention | Series initiation OR scheduled appointment to receive vaccine within two months
|
| Lee et al., 2018 [33] | Randomized | 19 | Massachusetts (USA) | Khmer American mother-daughter dyads with daughters, aged 14 to 17 years old (15.3 mean) with no previous HPV vaccine, English and Khmer speaking and/or reading, U.S. born or immigrant status, recruited through Khmer community sources | Education: Theory-guided, culturally grounded storytelling narrative video intervention, in English and Khmer delivered to mothers and daughters | Series initiation within one month
|
| Parra-Medina et al., 2015 [34] | Non-randomized | 372 | Texas (USA) | Hispanic mothers-daughter dyads, with girls aged 11 to 17 years old with no previous HPV vaccine history, living along the Texas-Mexico border, recruited by community health workers | Education + Other Services: Mother/daughter educational intervention and referral, navigation, and follow-up phone call services delivered by community health workers (CHWs) and undergraduate peer educators, in English and Spanish | Series initiation within six months
|
| Reiter et al., 2018 [35] | Randomized | 150 | 31 states and the District of Columbia (USA) | Males, aged 18 to 25 years old, self-identifying as gay (n = 124) or bisexual (n = 26), having never received any dose of HPV vaccine, recruited through Facebook | Education + Reminder: Population-targeted, individually-tailored content about HPV and HPV vaccine delivered online, plus monthly email or text HPV vaccination reminders | Series initiation within seven months
|
| Richman et al., 2016 [36] | Randomized | 145 | Southern USA | Black (n = 69) or “other” race (n = 53) and homosexual/bisexual (n = 23) English-speaking male and female students, 18 to 26 years old, attending a large university who were voluntarily initiating the first HPV vaccine dose from the campus health center | Education + Reminder: Series of 7 electronic messages with health education messages about HPV and HPV vaccine and appointment reminder messages | Series completion within seven months
|
| Winer et al., 2016 [37] | Randomized | 97 | Hopi Reservation (North America) | Hopi (American Indian) mothers-daughter dyads, with girls aged 9 to 12 years old, any number of previous HPV vaccine doses (unvaccinated and incompletely vaccinated), recruited through Hopi community sources | Education: Mother-daughter dinner events featuring educational presentations on HPV | Series initiation within 11 months
|
*p-value not reported.
**numbers and percentages not reported by authors due to a cell size < 5.