Catastrophic health expenditure	When the medical expenditure of a household exceeds a certain level of capacity such that the household has to cut down on necessities (such as food, clothing, and their children's education).
Comparator	Within an economic evaluation, the new intervention being investigated is compared to a comparator. The comparator generally reflects the current clinical practice.
Co-payment	The proportion of the total billed healthcare costs that insured patients pay.
Direct costs	The costs related to the goods, services and resources consumed to implement and access healthcare.
Direct medical costs	The costs directly related to the use of medical services/resources (such as physician services, diagnostic tests and drugs).
Direct non-medical costs	The costs related to the consumption of non-medical resources (such as transportation to the health facility, food expenses and accommodation).
Health sector perspective	A perspective that only includes the costs associated with the health sector, such as the costs covered by the national health insurance programme and the patient’s copayment for the medical services.
National health insurance programme	An insurance programme managed by the government that helps patients pay for medical services.
Out-of-pocket payment	The medical expenses incurred by patients that do not get reimbursed by insurance programmes.
Perspective	The viewpoint adopted for deciding which types of costs and health benefits are to be included within an economic evaluation.
Productivity costs (indirect costs)	Represent the value of the productivity losses that result from illness, treatment, or premature death.
Societal perspective	A perspective that includes all the costs associated with an intervention/healthcare, regardless of whom they are incurred by, i.e. this includes the health systems and patient’s direct medical costs, direct non-medical costs and indirect costs.
Universal health coverage	All individuals have access to good quality healthcare services without facing financial hardship.