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. 2020 Jul 20;11:40. doi: 10.1186/s13293-020-00320-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Gestational alcohol exposure beginning from embryonic day (E) 8.5 to E17.5 and E13.5 to E17.5 and comparisons of these exposure windows with respect to placental weight (a) and placental efficiency (b). Data were analyzed separately for males and females using mixed linear model followed by post hoc Benjamini-Hochberg corrections to adjust for multiple comparisons. Values are presented as means ± SEMs. n = 9 dams for NP-MD-8 and NP-MD-13 groups, n = 8 dams for NP-Alc-8 group, and n = 10 dams for NP-Alc-13 group. Asterisk (*) denotes statistical significance (P < 0.05) for the indicated comparison. Abbreviations: Alc, alcohol; MD, maltodextrin; NP, normal protein