Table 2.
Intraoperative characteristics
| Characteristic | TXA (N = 49) | TXA placebo (N = 51) | Rosuvastatin (N = 18) | Rosuvastatin placebo (N = 16) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of surgery, n (%) | ||||
| Major vascular surgerya | 8 (16.3) | 7 (13.7) | 4 (22.2) | 2 (12.5) |
| Other vascular surgery | 5 (10.2) | 2 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (6.3) |
| Thoracic surgery | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Major orthopedic surgeryb | 21 (42.9) | 21 (41.2) | 9 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) |
| Other orthopedic surgery | 3 (6.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (6.3) |
| Urology or gynecology surgery | 2 (4.1) | 3 (6.0) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0.0) |
| Major general surgeryc | 5 (10.2) | 6 (11.8) | 2 (11.1) | 2 (12.5) |
| Spinal surgery | 4 (8.2) | 9 (17.6) | 2 (11.1) | 2 (12.5) |
| Low-risk surgeriesd | 1 (2.0) | 2 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Type of anesthesia, n (%) | ||||
| General | 28 (57.1) | 29 (56.9) | 8 (44.4) | 12 (75.0) |
| Spinal | 22 (44.9) | 25 (49.0) | 11 (61.1) | 6 (37.5) |
| Epidural | 6 (12.2) | 4 (7.8) | 2 (11.1) | 2 (12.5) |
| Plexus/nerve block | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.9) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0.0) |
| Sedation | 5 (10.2) | 4 (7.8) | 1 (5.6) | 1 (6.3) |
| Intraoperative administration of non-study topical TXA | 22 (44.9) | 22 (43.1) | 9 (50.0) | 9 (56.3) |
| Mean total dose ± SD, g | 3.0 ± 0.0 | 3.0 ± 0.2 | 3.0 ± 0.0 | 3.0 ± 0.0 |
TXA tranexamic acid, SD standard deviation
aMajor vascular surgery included thoracic aorta reconstructive vascular surgery, aorto-iliac reconstructive vascular surgery, peripheral vascular reconstruction without aortic cross-clamping, and extracranial cerebrovascular surgery
bMajor orthopedic surgery included major hip or pelvic surgery, internal fixation of femur, knee arthroplasty, above-knee amputation, and lower leg amputation
cMajor general surgery included complex visceral resection; partial or total colectomy, or stomach surgery; small bowel resection; and major head and neck resection for non-thyroid tumor
dLow-risk surgery included any other surgery not included above or any of the following surgeries: parathyroid, thyroid, breast, hernia, local anorectal procedure, oophorectomy, salpingectomy, endometrial ablation, peripheral nerve surgery, ophthalmology, vertebral disc surgery, hand surgery, metatarsal resection, cosmetic surgery, arterio-venous access surgery for dialysis