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. 2020 Jul 14;14:646. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00646

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Copyright © 2020 Ma, Fu, Cao, Shao, Song, Sheng, Yang, Cui, Chen, Zhao, Luo, Lai and Zheng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The influence of conditioned context on the expression of c-Fos in the POR and the LS in morphine withdrawn mice and the influence of the inactivation of the POR inactivation on the CPA score in morphine withdrawn mice. (A) The influence of conditioned context on the expression of c-Fos in the POR and the LS in morphine withdrawn mice. Left top panel: the experimental timeline and groups for the CPA procedure. Right top panel: the CPA score of each group (n = 9 in saline + saline group and saline + naloxone group, n = 7 in morphine + saline group and morphine + naloxone group *p = 0.001, compared with pre-test, two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc analysis). Left middle panel: C-Fos positive neurons in the POR, scale bar = 100 μm. Higher magnification images of boxed regions are shown on the top, scale bar = 20 μm. Right middle panel: average number of c-Fos positive neurons of the POR in each group (n = 4 in saline + saline and morphine + saline groups, n = 6 in saline + naloxone group, n = 5 in morphine + naloxone group, *p < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA following by Tukey post hoc analysis). Left down panel: C-Fos positive neurons in the LS, scale bar = 100 μm. Higher magnification images of boxed regions are shown on the top, scale bar = 20 μm. Right down panel: average number of c-Fos positive neurons of the LS in each group (n = 4 in saline + saline group, n = 5 in morphine + saline group and morphine + naloxone, n = 6 in saline + naloxone group, p = 0.0861, one-way ANOVA following by Tukey post hoc analysis). (B) The influence of the inactivation of the POR on CPA score in morphine withdrawn mice. Top panel: the experimental timeline and groups for the CPA procedure. Left down panel: the typical injection site of muscimol in the POR. Scale bar = 500 μm. Right down panel: the CPA score of each group (n = 5 in saline + saline + muscimol group, n = 5 in morphine + naloxone + muscimol group, n = 7 in morphine + naloxone + saline group, *p = 0.0019, compared with pre-test, two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc analysis). Data are shown as the mean ± SEM.