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. 2020 Jul 21;11(3):817–841. doi: 10.1007/s13346-020-00823-3

Table 2.

Lasers used in delivery of drug through transdermal route [96, 98, 99]

Laser type Wavelength (nm) Pulse duration Role in transdermal delivery
Ruby 694 25–40 ns Permeabilization of SC
CO2 laser 10,600 50 ms Ablation via vaporization
Er: YAG 2940 250–400 μm Ablation via vaporization