. 2020 Jul 21;746:141158. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141158

Table 2.

Johansen co-integration tests results.

Income groups	Model	Hypothesized no. of CE(s)	Eigenvalue	Trace statistic	0.05 critical value	Prob. ^**
World	M1	None ^*	0.9346	164.2729	95.7537	0.0000
		At most 1 ^*	0.8543	104.2657	69.8189	0.0000
		At most 2 ^*	0.7921	61.8824	47.8561	00014
		At most 3	0.5883	27.3292	29.7971	0.0938
		At most 4	0.2937	7.8067	15.4947	0.4863
		At most 5	0.0072	0.1591	3.8415	0.6900
	M2	None ^*	0.9333	162.4598	95.7537	0.0000
		At most 1 ^*	0.8332	102.9077	69.8189	0.0000
		At most 2 ^*	0.7872	63.5091	47.8561	0.0009
		At most 3	0.6271	29.4664	29.7971	0.0546
		At most 4	0.2921	7.7656	15.4947	0.4908
		At most 5	0.0076	0.1667	38.415	0.6830
HI	M1	None ^*	0.8125	116.7948	95.7537	0.0008
		At most 1 ^*	0.7606	79.9627	69.8189	0.0062
		At most 2 ^*	0.6275	48.5081	47.8561	0.0434
		At most 3	0.4925	26.7822	29.7971	0.1071
		At most 4	0.3538	11.8605	15.4947	0.1637
	M2	At most 5	0.0974	2.2545	3.8415	3.8415
		None ^*	0.8248	111.2023	95.7537	0.0028
		At most 1 ^*	0.7024	72.8831	69.8189	0.0279
		At most 2 ^*	0.6150	46.2143	47.8561	0.0707
		At most 3	0.4943	25.2125	29.7971	0.1540
		At most 4	0.2997	10.2128	15.4947	0.2647
		At most 5	0.1024	2.3762	3.8415	0.1232
MI	M1	None ^*	0.7696	136.2271	95.7537	0.0000
		At most 1 ^*	0.7696	76.3940	69.8189	0.0136
		At most 2 ^*	0.6686	45.5704	47.8561	0.0807
		At most 3	0.3888	22.3753	29.7971	0.2781
		At most 4	0.3240	12.0358	15.4947	0.1552
		At most 5	0.1660	3.8132	3.8415	0.0508
	M2	None ^*	0.9410	135.4986	95.7537	0.0000
		At most 1 ^*	0.7693	76.0767	69.8189	0.0145
		At most 2 ^*	0.6627	45.2791	47.8561	0.0856
		At most 3	0.3942	22.4594	29.7971	0.2736
		At most 4	0.3215	11.9355	15.4947	0.1601
		At most 5	0.1651	3.7900	3.8415	0.0516

Denotes rejection of the hypothesis at the 0.05 level.

^**

Denotes MacKinnon-Haug-Michelis (1999) p-values.