TABLE 7.
Comparison of male characteristics according to total CMS score (Leon-Velarde et al., 2005).
| No CMS (≤5) n (%) or median [IQR] | Mild total CMS score (6–10) n (%) or median [IQR] | Moderate total CMS score (11–14) n (%) or median [IQR] | Severe total CMS score (>14) n (%) or median [IQR] | |
| n (%) | 1,146 (84) | 149 (11.0) | 55 (4.0) | 9 (1.0) |
| Age (years) | 32 [24; 39] | 34 [26; 45]* | 33 [23; 43] | 40 [33; 40] |
| Ethnic group | ||||
| Aymara | 53 (4.6) | 7 (4.7) | 1 (1.8) | 1 (11.1) |
| Quechua | 1,093 (95.4) | 142 (95.3) | 54 (98.2) | 8 (88.9) |
| Residency in La Rinconada (years) | 3 [2; 5] | 3 [2; 4]* | 3 [2; 4] | 2 [2; 3] |
| Hematocrit (%) | 60 [55; 65] | 67 [65; 73]* | 70 [68; 75]* ,+ | 63 [63; 75]* ,+ |
| Arterial oxygen saturation (%) | 82 [79; 85] | 80 [78; 82]* | 83 [78; 85]+ | 83 [83; 83]+ |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 85 [74; 94] | 88 [80; 96]* | 88 [72; 92] | 92 [78; 92] |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 70 [70; 80] | 70 [70; 80] | 70 [70; 80] | 70 [70; 80] |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 100 [100; 110] | 100 [100; 110] | 100 [90; 110] | 100 [100; 110] |
| Breathlessness/palpitations | ||||
| 0 | 943 (82.3) | 103 (69.1)* | 0 (0)* | 0 (0)* |
| 1 | 115 (10) | 32 (21.5)* | 24 (43.6)* | 9 (100)* |
| 2–3 | 88 (7.7) | 14 (9.4)* | 31 (56.4)* | 0 (0)* |
| Sleep disturbance | ||||
| 0 | 961 (83.9) | 118 (79.2) | 48 (87.3) | 0 (0)* ,+,[dollar] |
| 1–3 | 185 (16.1) | 31 (20.8) | 7 (12.7) | 9 (100)* ,+,[dollar] |
| Cyanosis | ||||
| 0 | 1,074 (93.7) | 123 (82.6)* | 41 (74.5)* ,+ | 9 (100)* ,+ |
| 1–3 | 72 (6.3) | 26 (17.4)* | 14 (25.5)* ,+ | 0 (0)* ,+ |
| Dilatation of veins | ||||
| 0 | 1,102 (96.2) | 143 (96) | 30 (54.5)* ,+ | 9 (100)* ,+ |
| 1–3 | 44 (3.8) | 6 (4) | 25 (45.5)* ,+ | 0 (0)* ,+ |
| Paresthesia | ||||
| 0 | 941 (82.1) | 85 (57)* | 9 (16.4)* ,+ | 0 (0)* ,+,[dollar] |
| 1 | 159 (13.9) | 55 (36.9)* | 40 (72.7)* ,+ | 0 (0)* ,+,[dollar] |
| 2–3 | 46 (4) | 9 (6)* | 6 (10.9)* ,+ | 9 (100)* ,+,[dollar] |
| Headache | ||||
| 0 | 928 (81) | 102 (68.5)* | 23 (41.8)* ,+ | 0 (0)* ,+ |
| 1–3 | 218 (19) | 47 (31.5)* | 32 (58.2)* ,+ | 9 (100)* ,+ |
| Tinnitus | ||||
| 0 | 1,010 (88.1) | 128 (85.9) | 19 (34.5)* ,+ | 0 (0)* ,+,[dollar] |
| 1–3 | 136 (11.9) | 21 (14.1) | 36 (65.5)* ,+ | 9 (100)* ,+,[dollar] |
| Hematocrit | ||||
| 0 | 720 (62.8) | 0 (0)* | 0 (0)* | 0 (0)* |
| 3 | 426 (37.2) | 149 (100)* | 55 (100)* | 9 (100)* |
IQR, interquartile range; CMS, chronic mountain sickness. Scores of symptom severity were grouped when the number of subjects per score was too small to allow statistical analysis. * Significantly different from subjects with no CMS. +Significantly different from subjects with mild total CMS score. $Significantly different from subjects with moderate total CMS score (p < 0.05).