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. 2019 Sep 9;150(2):222–230. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz217

TABLE 5.

Major metabolites detected in rat urine in response to a single gavage of γTmT or δTE/γTE in comparison with their respective baseline (in nanomoles unless otherwise indicated)1

Baseline2 γTmT supplement Baseline3 δTE/γTE supplement
δ-CEHC 0.101 ± 0.02 2.29 ± 0.32* 0.120 ± 0.037 6.89 ± 2.28*
SO3-δ-CEHC 0.679 ± 0.101 19.8 ± 0.58* 0.751 ± 0.396 55.7 ± 0.7*
Conjugated-δ-CEHC 2.23 ± 0.71 126 ± 16* 3.77 ± 0.90 80.6 ± 18*
γ-CEHC 0.091 ± 0.021 1.01 ± 0.27* 0.177 ± 0.103 1.39 ± 0.07
SO3-γ-CEHC 7.89 ± 0.80 63.7 ± 9.4* 12.8 ± 2.3 36.3 ± 2.5*
Conjugated-γ-CEHC 9.38 ± 4.01 413 ± 65* 16.2 ± 5.2 36.3 ± 9.4
Total δ-metabolites4 3.01 ± 0.69 148 ± 17* 4.6 ± 1.4 143 ± 21*
Excretion,5 % 2.21 ± 0.26 0.71 ± 0.11
Total γ-metabolites4 17.4 ± 5.1 478 ± 75* 29.6 ± 8.7 74.1 ± 12*
Excretion,5 % 2.67 ± 0.43 1.89 ± 0.31
1

Values are mean ± SEM, n = 6. Student's t test was used for comparing γTmT or δTE/γTE supplement with the respective baseline. *P < 0.05, difference between γTmT or δTE/γTE supplement and the respective baseline. Abbreviations of vitamin E forms and metabolites are shown in Figure 1. CEHC, 2-(β-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman, also called 3′-COOH; COOH, carboxychromanol; γTE, γ-tocotrienol; γTmT, γ-tocopherol-rich mixed tocopherol; δTE, δ-tocotrienol; δTE/γTE, δ-tocotrienol-rich tocotrienol.

2

Baseline for γTmT-supplement rats.

3

Baseline for δTE/γTE-supplement rats.

4

Total metabolites: sum of δ- or γ-series metabolites.

5

Excretion % = (24-h urine excretion of total metabolites in response to supplements minus 24-h baseline excretion)/intake.