Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the full cohort and PS‐matched cohort; n (%) if not otherwise specified
| Full cohort | Total | sMVR | pMVR | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 132 | n = 47 | n = 85 | ||
| Age, mean ± SD (years) | 70 ± 9.0 | 68 ± 9.6 | 72 ± 8.5 | 0.0429 |
| Age ≧ 80 years old | 17 (13%) | 3 (6%) | 14 (16%) | 0.112 |
| Male gender | 91 (69%) | 28 (60%) | 63 (74%) | 0.116 |
| Body mass index, mean ± SD (kg/m2) | 26 ± 4.9 | 27 ± 5.5 | 26 ± 4.6 | 0.655 |
| COLD | 22 (17%) | 7 (15%) | 15 (18%) | 0.809 |
| Arterial hypertension | 118 (89%) | 41 (87%) | 77 (91%) | 0.566 |
| Chronic renal disease | 48 (36%) | 12 (26%) | 36 (42%) | 0.0611 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 51 (39%) | 14 (30%) | 37 (44%) | 0.138 |
| Logistic EuroSCORE, mean ± SD | 31 ± 21 | 25.0 ± 22 | 33.5 ± 20 | 0.0377 |
| EuroSCORE, mean ± SD | 16 ± 13 | 15 ± 13 | 16 ± 14 | 0.853 |
| Ischaemic cardiomyopathy | 69 (52%) | 28 (60%) | 41(48%) | 0.275 |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 63 (48%) | 19 (40%) | 44 (52%) | 0.275 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 77 (58%) | 26 (55%) | 51 (60%) | 0.713 |
| Previous CRT | 43 (33%) | 6 (13%) | 37 (44%) | <0.001 |
| Previous ICD | 46 (35%) | 3 (6%) | 43 (51%) | <0.001 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 31 (23%) | 5 (11%) | 26 (31%) | 0.0102 |
| Previous percutaneous coronary intervention | 45 (34%) | 9 (19%) | 36 (42%) | 0.0121 |
| NYHA functional class, mean ± SD | 3.2 ± 0.46 | 3.2 ± 0.46 | 3.2 ± 0.46 | 0.683 |
| NYHA II | 2 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (1%) | |
| NYHA III | 97 (73%) | 35 (74%) | 62 (73%) | |
| NYHA IV | 33 (25%) | 11 (23%) | 22 (26%) | |
| Medication | ||||
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 94 (71%) | 31 (66%) | 63 (74%) | 0.856 |
| Beta‐blocker | 113 (86%) | 40 (85%) | 73 (86%) | 1 |
| Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist | 81 (61%) | 17 (36%) | 64 (75%) | <0.01 |
| Loop diuretics | 118 (89%) | 37 (79%) | 81(95%) | 0.00592 |
| Digitoxin | 27 (20%) | 6 (13%) | 21(25%) | 0.119 |
| PS‐matched cohort | Total | SMVR | PMVR | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 60 | n = 30 | n = 30 | ||
| Age, mean ± SD (years) | 71 ± 8.3 | 71 ± 8.5 | 71 ± 8.2 | 0.963 |
| Age ≧ 80 years old | 6 (10%) | 3 (10%) | 3 (10%) | 1 |
| Male gender | 38 (63%) | 17(61%) | 21(70%) | 0.422 |
| Body mass index, mean ± SD (kg/m2) | 27 ± 4.4 | 26 ± 3.7 | 28 ± 4.9 | 0.122 |
| COLD | 10 (17%) | 5 (17%) | 5 (17%) | 1 |
| Arterial hypertension | 56 (93%) | 27 (90%) | 29 (97%) | 0.612 |
| Chronic renal disease | 23 (38%) | 9 (30%) | 14 (47%) | 0.288 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 22 (37%) | 7 (23%) | 15 (50%) | 0.06 |
| Logistic EuroSCORE, mean ± SD | 30 ± 20 | 30 ± 24 | 29 ± 16 | 0.859 |
| EuroSCORE, mean ± SD | 14 ± 13 | 17 ± 15 | 11 ± 9.8 | 0.104 |
| Ischaemic cardiomyopathy | 31 (52%) | 16 (53%) | 15 (50%) | 1 |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 29 (48%) | 14 (47%) | 15 (50%) | 1 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 33 (55%) | 20 (67%) | 13 (43%) | 0.119 |
| Previous CRT | 16 (27%) | 6 (20%) | 10 (33%) | 0.382 |
| Previous ICD | 17 (28%) | 1 (3.3%) | 16 (53%) | <0.001 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 9 (15%) | 4 (13%) | 5 (17%) | 1 |
| Previous percutaneous coronary intervention | 16 (27%) | 6 (20%) | 10 (3.3%) | 0.0292 |
| NYHA functional class, mean ± SD | 3.2 ± 0.46 | 3.2 ± 0.48 | 3.1 ± 0.43 | 0.577 |
| NYHA II | 2 (3%) | 1 (3.3%) | 1 (3.3%) | |
| NYHA III | 46 (77%) | 22 (73%) | 24 (80%) | |
| NYHA IV | 12 (20%) | 7 (23%) | 5 (17%) | |
| Medication | ||||
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 47 (78%) | 19 (63%) | 28 (93%) | 0.0102 |
| Beta‐blocker | 53 (88%) | 26 (87%) | 27 (90%) | 1 |
| Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist | 30 (50%) | 10 (33%) | 20 (66%) | 0.0194 |
| Loop diuretics | 51 (85%) | 24 (80%) | 27 (90%) | 0.472 |
| Digitoxin | 10 (17%) | 5 (17%) | 5 (17%) | 1 |
ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; COLD, chronic obstructive lung disease; CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy; ICD, implanted cardioverter defibrillator.