Table 1.
Original fMRI studies included in the functional meta-analysis.
| References | Expertise | Expert (N) | Novice (N) | Task or Rest |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abreu et al. (2012) | Basketball players | 16 | 16 | Motor prediction |
| Balser et al. (2014) | Tennis players | 16 | 16 | Motor prediction |
| Bangert et al. (2006) | Pianists | 7 | 7 | Auditory and motor |
| Baumann et al. (2007) | Pianists | 7 | 7 | Motor execution |
| Berkowitz and Ansari (2010) | Pianists | 13 | 15 | Motor execution |
| Bishop et al. (2013) | Soccer players | 14 | 11 | Motor prediction |
| Chang et al. (2011) | Archery | 18 | 18 | Motor imagery |
| Di et al. (2012) | Badminton players | 20 | 18 | Rest |
| Duan et al. (2012) | Chinese chess players | 15 | 15 | Rest/problem-solving task |
| Groussard et al. (2010) | Musicians | 20 | 20 | Musical semantic memory |
| Harris and de Jong (2014) | Keyboard players | 12 | 12 | Motor imagery |
| Haslinger et al. (2004) | Pianists | 12 | 12 | Motor execution |
| Kim et al. (2011) | Archery | 20 | 21 | Motor observation |
| Koeneke et al. (2004) | Keyboard players | 7 | 7 | Motor execution |
| Krawczyk et al. (2011) | Chess players | 6 | 6 | Face processing |
| Lee and Noppeney (2011) | Pianists | 18 | 19 | Music listening |
| Lotze et al. (2003) | Violinists | 8 | 8 | Motor execution and imagination |
| Luo et al. (2012) | Musicians | 15 | 15 | Motor and multi-sensory |
| Pilgramm et al. (2010) | Dancers | 18 | 18 | Motor observation |
| Seo et al. (2012) | Archery | 20 | 23 | Visuospatial memory |
| Song et al. (2019) | Chess players | 28 | 27 | Rest |
| Tomasino et al. (2013) | Volleyball players | 10 | 10 | Motor language processing |
| Wang et al. (2018) | Seafarers | 20 | 20 | Rest |
| Wright et al. (2011) | Badminton players | 8 | 8 | Motor prediction |
| Wright et al. (2013) | Soccer players | 17 | 17 | Motor observation |
| Xu et al. (2016) | Badminton players | 16 | 18 | Motor prediction |