TABLE 1.

Consequences of interference with TNF signaling in L. monocytogenes infection.

Pathogen	Genetic background/treatment	Infection site	Phenotype	References
L. monocytogenes	C57BL/6-TNF–/–	IP	Susceptible, increased bacterial load in spleen, liver	Pasparakis et al., 1996; Li et al., 2017
	C57BL/6-MN-TNF–/–	IV	Susceptible to low-mediate dose of infection	Grivennikov et al., 2005
	C57BL/6-T cells-TNF–/–	IV	Susceptible to high dose of infection	Grivennikov et al., 2005
	C57BL/6-TNFR1–/–	IV	Susceptible, increased bacterial load in spleen, liver	Pfeffer et al., 1993; Rothe et al., 1993
	C57BL/6-TNFR2–/–	IV	Susceptible to high dose of infection, normal T cell development	Erickson et al., 1994
	rHuTNF	IV	Resistant to lethal bacterial infection	Desiderio et al., 1989

IP, intraperitoneal; IV, intravenous; TNF, tumor necrosis factor α; MN, macrophages/neutrophils; rHuTNF, recombinant human TNF.