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. 2020 Jul 22;14(1):43–60. doi: 10.1007/s12155-020-10165-0

Table 3.

The details of the LCC of the palm oil biodiesel production

Type of cost Details
Capital cost

- Capital cost mainly depends on production capacity

- The cost includes the required land area, building construction, equipment and instrumentation required for the plant

Operating cost

- The operating cost includes utilities, lab services, factory expenses, transportation cost, supervision, administration, labour cost, all other materials and energy flows except the feedstocks

- Also includes the cost associated with wastewater treatment and sludge waste processing

Maintenance cost - The cost associated with maintaining and servicing the plant
Feedstock cost - The cost of the feedstocks is the main component of the overall costs
Salvage value - The remaining value of the components and assets of the plant at the end of the project lifetime
By-product credit - The revenues earned from all the products other than the primary product; e.g. glycerol is a useful by-product generated during biodiesel reaction