Table 4.

Colombian fuel taxes (Source: The data is obtained from USDA Gain Report CO1811 [26], which is sourced from Fuel Information System (SICOM), MME)

Type of taxes	Tariff for biofuels	Tariff for gasoline	Tariff for diesel	Regulations
Global tax	• Exempted	• Regular gasoline—COP 510.04 per gallon (USD 0.16) • Premium gasoline – $964.04 per gallon (USD 0.30)	• $488.18 per gallon (USD 0.15)	• Law 1607 of 2012—Article 167, 168, 173 • Law 1819 of 2016—Article 218, 219, 220
Value added tax (VAT)	• Exempted	• 19%	• 19%	• Law 1607 of 2012—Article 167, 168, 173 • Estatuto Tributario (biofuels exempt)—Article 477
Local surcharge tax	• Exempted on ethanol blended with gasoline • No tax relief for biodiesel	• 25% of the reference price. Reference price for June 2018: COP 4751.05 per gallon (USD 1.48)	• 6% of the reference price. Reference price for June 2018: COP 4667.96 per gallon (USD 1.45)	• Law 488 of 1998—Article 117 to 121 • MME’s resolution 40575 of 2018
Green tax or carbon national tax	• Exempted	• COP 135 per gallon (USD 0.042)	• COP 152 per gallon (USD 0.047)	• Decree 926 of 2017 • Law 1819 of 2016—Article 221, 222, 223