Table 3.

Association of AKI with subsequent heart failure, MACEs, and death, overall and stratified by preexisting CKD

Nested model	HR (95% CI) of AKI vs. no AKI
	Heart failure			MACE			Death from any cause
	Overall	No preexisting CKD	Preexisting CKD	Overall	No preexisting CKD	Preexisting CKD	Overall	No preexisting CKD	Preexisting CKD
Model 1: matcheda cohort	1.83 (1.37–2.44)	2.70 (1.73–4.21)	1.24 (0.89–1.72)	1.01 (0.75–1.34)	0.95 (0.64–1.40)	1.07 (0.73–1.56)	1.89 (1.35–2.63)	1.67 (1.08–2.58)	2.13 (1.36–3.34)
Model 2: model 1 + sex, race/ethnicity, sepsis during index admission, 3-mo baseline visit smoking status, diabetes status, and body mass index	1.68 (1.22–2.31)	2.47 (1.54–3.96)	1.14 (0.79–1.66)	0.95 (0.70–1.28)	0.90 (0.59–1.37)	1.00 (0.65–1.52)	1.78 (1.24–2.56)	1.38 (0.85–2.26)	2.29 (1.41–3.71)
Model 3: model 2 + 3-mo baseline visit estimated glomerular filtration rate, plasma cystatin C, and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio	1.13 (0.80–1.61)	1.48 (0.94–2.33)	0.87 (0.55–1.38)	1.20 (0.85–1.70)	0.99 (0.63–1.55)	1.46 (0.92–2.30)	1.29 (0.84–1.98)	1.34 (0.75–2.39)	1.24 (0.70–2.18)

AKI, acute kidney injury; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HR, hazard ratio; MACE, major atherosclerotic cardiovascular event.

^aMatching variables included clinical center, age, preindex admission estimated glomerular filtration rate, preindex admission diabetes status, prior cardiovascular disease, and intensive care unit stay during index admission.