Table 4.

Effect of NPs size on tumor penetration: the smaller the size, the higher the probability of tumor uptake.

Author	Nanoparticle type	Nanoparticle size	Tumor type	Tumor penetration efficacy
Cabral et al. [71]	Drug loaded polymeric micelles	30, 50, 70, 100 nm	Two cancer type (high and low permeable)	Only 30 nm penetrate poorly permeable cancer
Ezealisiji and Okorie [72]	Silver NPs	22, 58, 76, 378 nm	Dermatological application	22 nm exhibit the highest cumulative amount (penetration)
Arvizo et al. [77]	Gold NPs (without any surface modification)	5, 10, 20 nm	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells	20 nm Maximum effect anti-angiogenic effect(VFGF inhibition)
Peretz et al. [78]	Gold nanoparticles	15, 30, 90, 150 nm	Head and neck cancer cells	15 nm best binding capacity to cancer cells & 90 nm is optimal for cell targeting and tumor accumulation
Popović et al. [73]	Quantum dots	12, 60, 125 nm	Melanoma in mouse	Rapid penetration for `12 nm NP
Sonavane et al. [27]	Gold nanoparticles	15, 50, 100, 200 nm	Mice (different organ), intravenous administration	15 nm wide organ distribution, only 15 and 50 nm pass blood brain barrier
Huang et al. [79]	PVP-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (PVP-IOs)	37–120 nm	Hepatic lesion in mouse	37 nm greatest cellular uptake
Hemant et al. [28]	Gold NPs	1 to 125 nm (intravenous)	Different pore size	Rapid penetration for `12 nm NP
Huang et al. [80]	Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)	2, 6, 15 nm	Breast cancer cells	2 and 6 nm Maximum tumor uptake and permeability. 2 & 6 nm found in nucleus and cytoplasm whereas 15 nm only in cytoplasm