Table 1.
Demographic and baseline characteristics.
| Variable | Total (N = 1056) | Normal (N = 494) | Osteopenia (N = 308) | Osteoporosis (N = 254) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 59.6 ± 7.5 | 57.3 ± 6.2 | 58.8 ± 6 | 65 ± 8.8 | <0.001 |
| Race | |||||
| Chinese | 841 (80) | 371 (75.1) | 240 (77.9) | 230 (90.6) | <0.001 |
| Indian | 137 (13) | 77 (15.6) | 47 (15.3) | 13 (5.1) | <0.001 |
| Malay | 77 (7) | 46 (9.3) | 20 (6.5) | 11 (4.3) | <0.001 |
| Others | 1 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | |
| Weight, kg | 57.5 ± 11.5 | 62.4 ± 10.7 | 56 ± 11 | 49.8 ± 8.4 | <0.001 |
| Height, cm | 155.6 ± 6.7 | 157.3 ± 5.7 | 155.2 ± 7.5 | 152.9 ± 6.4 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.6 ± 4.3 | 25.2 ± 4.4 | 23 ± 3.8 | 21.3 ± 3.4 | <0.001 |
| FRAX® MOFP score, % | 5.7 ± 6.2 | 3.8 ± 3.5 | 4.5 ± 3.5 | 10.8 ± 9.3 | <0.001 |
| FRAX® HFP score, % | 2 ± 3.8 | 1 ± 2 | 1.3 ± 1.5 | 4.9 ± 6.3 | <0.001 |
| OSTA index ([weight-age] × 0.2) | −0.4 ± 3.1 | 1 ± 2.6 | −0.6 ± 2.5 | −3.1 ± 2.6 | <0.001 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
BMI, body mass index; MOFP, Major Osteoporotic Fracture Probability; HFP, Hip Fracture Probability; OSTA, Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians.