TABLE 2.
Associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and health indicators among Mexican preschoolers
| Full sample (n = 400) | Girls (n = 197) | Boys (n = 203) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| βa (95% CI) | R2 | βa (95% CI) | R2 | βa (95% CI) | R2 | |
| Model 1b | ||||||
| Body fat (%) | −0.565 (−1.135, 0.006) | 0.049 | 0.022 (−0.877, 0.922) | 0.004 | −0.986 (−1.730, −0.242) | 0.045 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 0.123 (−0.355, 0.601) | 0.058 | 0.576 (−0.210, 1.363) | 0.052 | −0.195 (−0.787, 0.398) | 0.089 |
| BMI z-score | 0.048 (−0.054, 0.151) | 0.005 | 0.195 (0.046, 0.343) | 0.045 | −0.054 (−0.195, 0.088) | 0.018 |
| Glycated haemoglobin (%) | −0.003 (−0.040, 0.034) | 0.026 | −0.019 (−0.076, 0.037) | 0.040 | 0.007 (−0.043, 0.057) | 0.015 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | −0.821 (−2.189, 0.547) | 0.045 | −0.408 (−2.477, 1.662) | 0.058 | −1.182 (−3.075, 0.712) | 0.031 |
| Triglycerides (log mg/dL) | −0.014 (−0.058, 0.030) | 0.029 | −0.016 (−0.073, 0.042) | 0.065 | −0.012 (−0.078, 0.054) | 0.039 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | −0.142 (−3.030, 2.747) | 0.033 | −3.335 (−8.358, 1.689) | 0.033 | 1.869 (−1.464, 5.203) | 0.069 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | −0.047 (−1.041, 0.947) | 0.022 | −0.018 (−1.556, 1.521) | 0.014 | −0.207 (−1.533, 1.119) | 0.072 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 0.275 (−2.275, 2.825) | 0.053 | −2.954 (−7.133, 1.225) | 0.051 | 2.439 (−0.752, 5.629) | 0.060 |
| Systolic pressure (mm Hg) | 0.438 (−0.266, 1.141) | 0.134 | −0.394 (−1.543, 0.754) | 0.221 | 0.832 (−0.0.15, 1.678) | 0.096 |
| Diastolic pressure (mm Hg) | 0.414 (−0.182, 1.010) | 0.144 | 0.406 (−0.570, 1.382) | 0.212 | 0.302 (−0.436, 1.040) | 0.105 |
| Leptin (log ng/mL) | 0.012 (−0.057, 0.081) | 0.313 | 0.003 (−0.108, 0.103) | 0.362 | 0.016 (−0.074, 0.106) | 0.255 |
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | −476.7 (−1255.9, 302.4) | 0.030 | −1659.5 (−2950.0,−368.9) | 0.045 | 336.0 (−621.6, 1293.6) | 0.079 |
| Model 2c | ||||||
| Body fat (%) | −0.268 (−0.953, 0.417) | 0.054 | 0.109 (−0.911, 1.130) | 0.004 | −0.370 (−1325, 0.585) | 0.065 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 0.249 (−0.323, 0.822) | 0.060 | 0.613 (−0.279, 1.504) | 0.053 | 0.057 (−0.700, 0.813) | 0.094 |
| BMI z-score | 0.071 (−0.051, 0.194) | 0.006 | 0.187 (0.019, 0.356) | 0.045 | 0.013 (−0.168, 0.194) | 0.025 |
| Glycated haemoglobin (%) | 0.022 (−0.023, 0.066) | 0.038 | 0.011 (−0.054, 0.077) | 0.061 | 0.024 (−0.039, 0.088) | 0.020 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | −0.414 (−2.074, 1.247) | 0.048 | −0.027 (−2.430, 2.375) | 0.061 | −0.694 (−3.102, 1.714) | 0.034 |
| Triglycerides (log mg/dL) | 0.013 (−0.040, 0.066) | 0.039 | −0.002 (−0.068, 0.065) | 0.069 | 0.037 (−0.046, 0.120) | 0.062 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | −0.746 (−4.253, 2.761) | 0.034 | −3.321 (−9.160, 2.518) | 0.033 | 0.745 (−3.490, 4.979) | 0.073 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | −0.257 (−1.463, 0.949) | 0.024 | 0.160 (−1.627, 1.947) | 0.015 | −0.815 (−2.493, 0.863) | 0.080 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | −0.920 (−4.00, 2.166) | 0.059 | −3.328 (−8.183, 1.528) | 0.051 | 0.279 (−3.736, 4.295) | 0.079 |
| Systolic pressure (mm Hg) | 0.615 (−0.228, 1.459) | 0.136 | −0.051 (−1.248, 1.349) | 0.230 | 0.659 (−0.421, 1.740) | 0.097 |
| Diastolic pressure (mm Hg) | 0.490 (−0.225, 1.206) | 0.144 | 0.422 (−0.687, 1.531) | 0.212 | 0.473 (−0.468, 1.415) | 0.107 |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 0.010 (−0.093, 0.083) | 0.313 | −0.026 (−0.149, 0.097) | 0.365 | 0.045 (−0.069, 0.158) | 0.259 |
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | −104.9 (−1051.9, 842.1) | 0.036 | −1440.6 (−2950.7, 69.5) | 0.047 | 851.8 (−359.7, 2063.3) | 0.091 |
Notes: Significant (P < .05) differences are presented in bold. Sample sizes may vary according to the outcome variable.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.
a
Beta values represent the change associated with a 10-minute increase in moderate to vigorous physical activity.
b
Model 1 adjusted for child’s sex, age, percentage of body fat (for non-body composition outcomes), daily energy intake, monitor wear time and household socioeconomic status.
c
Model 2 additionally adjusted for sedentary time.