TABLE 4.
Multiple comparisons in the medium group (n = 10) regarding psychophysiological parameters during nonstressful control task, mediumistic experience and stressful control task (time effect)
| T1(s) | T2(t) | T3(u) | T4(v) | p a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SP) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
| Nonstressful control task (NS) | |||||
| STAI‐S | 39.0 (11.4) | 34.0 (14.6) | 31.0 (9.0) | 30.0 (11.4) | .131 |
| HR | 71.3 (8.6) | 71.1 (9.6) | 65.4 (7.7) | 65.7 (8.1) | .029 b |
| Cortisol (µg/dl) | 0.15 (0.0) | 0.15 (0.0) | 0.15 (0.0) | 0.15 (0.0) | .343 |
| Mediumistic experience (M) | |||||
| STAI‐S | 35.0 (9.0) | 38.7 (11.5) | 41.0 (14.4) | 29.7 (8.8) | .184 |
| HR | 71.5 (10.5) | 73.3 (12.7) | 77.5 (14.1) | 71.1 (9.4) | .144 |
| Cortisol | 0.15 (0.0) | 0.15 (0.0) | 0.15 (0.0) | 0.16 (0.0) | .343 |
| Stressful control task (S) | |||||
| STAI‐S | 36.3 (12.7) | 48.7 (16.9) | 51.3 (13.4) | 33.0 (13.2) | .021 c |
| HR | 72.1 (9.2) | 76.3 (8.6) | 75.5 (10.8) | 66.9 (8.5) | .007 d |
| Cortisol | 0.15 (0.0) | 0.15 (0.0) | 0.16 (0.0) | 0.26 (0.2) | .093 |
Abbreviations: HR, Heart rate (bpm); SD, Standard deviation; STAI‐S, State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory – state component, short‐form.
a
Repeated measures ANOVA.
b
Post hoc comparisons: s > u (p = .031); s > v (p = .014); t > v (p = .049).
c
Post hoc comparisons: s < t (p = .026); s < u (p = .049) and u > v (p = .008).
d
Post hoc comparisons: s > v (p = .039) and t > v (p = .002).