TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of the case group and the control group
| Variable | Targeted population (n = 588) | Case group (n = 196) | Control group (n = 392) | p (case vs. control) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years, mean [SD]) | 48.87 ± 16.21 | 47.08 ± 17.10 | 49.76 ± 15.69 | .092 |
| Gender (men, n [%]) | 290 (49.32) | 109 (55.61%) | 181 (46.17%) | .031 |
| Surgical duration (hr, mean [SD]) | 4.62 ± 2.03 | 5.46 ± 2.27 | 4.19 ± 1.75 | .439 |
| Preoperative LOS (days, mean [SD]) | 7.44 ± 6.56 | 7.76 ± 6.90 | 7.28 ± 6.39 | .404 |
| LOS (days, mean [SD]) | 27.08 ± 16.95 | 35.45 ± 21.14 | 22.89 ± 12.49 | <.001 |
| Intraoperative blood loss (ml, median [IQR]) | 200.00 (100.00 – 400.00) | 300.00 (150.00, 475.00) | 200.00 (100.00, 300.00) | <.001 |
| Postoperative ASA score | 2.50 ± 0.86 | 2.49 ± 0.89 | 2.51 ± 0.85 | .731 |
| Hypertension (%) | 243 (41.33) | 93 (47.45) | 150 (38.26) | .033 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 3 (0.51) | 0 (0.00) | 3 (0.77) | .219 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 59 (10.03) | 21 (10.71) | 38 (9.69) | .698 |
| Trauma surgery (%) | 81 (13.78) | 7 (3.57) | 74 (18.88) | <.001 |
| Tumor surgery (%) | 185 (31.46) | 91 (46.43) | 94 (23.98) | <.001 |
| Postoperative serum RBC (1,012 L, mean [SD]) | 4.27 ± 4.23 | 3.99 (3.60, 4.31) | 3.97 ± 0.58 | .162 |
| Postoperative serum HGB (g/L, mean [SD]) | 118.98 ± 19.98 | 120.03 ± 23.84 | 118.45 ± 17.75 | .136 |
| Postoperative serum hsCRP (mg/L, median [IQR]) | 13.250 (6.500 – 32.52) | 13.40 (6.10, 30.36) | 11.80 (6.68, 37.10) | .376 |
| Postoperative serum ALB (g/L, mean [SD]) | 38.166 ± 16.207 | 39.42 ± 16.00 | 37.54 ± 16.30 | .186 |
Abbreviations: ALB, albumin; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; HGB, hemoglobin; hsCRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; IQR, interquartile range; LOS, length of stay; RBC, red blood cell count; SD, standard deviation.