TABLE 3.

Significant group effects in whole amygdala volume and amygdala subnuclei volumes

				Statistic	p‐value
Main effect of bilateral whole amygdala volume				F(113,2) = 3.67	.03*
Post hoc comparisons on right lateral subnucleus volume
	Low‐risk	High‐risk	BSD	Contrast	Statistic
M (SEM) uncorrected	3,477.95(77.69)	3,551.64(54)	3,563.91(71.3)	BSD > low‐risk*	t (1,66)= 1.87*
Z‐score (SEM)uncorrected	−.16(.17)	−.10(.12)	.22(.21)	High‐risk > low‐risk	t(1,83) = −0.83
				BSD > high‐risk	t(1,76) = −0.86
				Statistic	p‐value
Main effect of right lateral subnucleus volume				F(113,1) = 5.897	.01**
Post hoc comparisons on right lateral subnucleus volume
	Low‐risk	High‐risk	BSD	Contrast	Statistic
M (SEM) uncorrected	586.18(36.56)	657.66(30.16)	702.93(39.17)	BSD > low‐risk*	t (1,66) = 2.79
Z‐score (SEM) uncorrected	−.29(.17)	.04(.14)	.16(.21)	High‐risk > low‐risk	t(1,83) = 1.63
				BSD > high‐risk	t(1,76) = .80
				Statistic	p‐value
Main effect of group on left medial subnucleus volume				F(113,1) = 3.42	.03*
Post hoc comparisons on left medial subnucleus volume
	Low‐risk	High‐risk	BSD	Contrast	Statistic
M (SEM) uncorrected	295.37(19.30)	268.59(18.09)	347.29(27.16)	BSD > low‐risk	t (1,66) = 1.25
Z‐score (SEM) uncorrected	−.02(.15)	−.24(.14)	.29(.23)	High‐risk > low‐risk	t(1,83) = 0.79
				BSD > high‐risk*	t(1,76) = 1.98*
				Statistic	p‐value
Main effect of group on left central subnucleus volume				F(113,1) = 5.42	.0005***
Post hoc comparisons on left central subnucleus volume
	Low‐risk	High‐risk	BSD	Contrast	Statistic
M (SEM) uncorrected	123.72(20.12)	77.4(9.72)	174.15(33.81)	BSD > low‐risk	t (1,66) = −1.60
Z‐score (SEM) uncorrected	0.02(.15)	−.33(.08)	0.32(.26)	High‐risk > low‐risk	t(1,83) = −1.68
				BSD > high‐risk*	t(1,76) = 3.09*

*<.05 **.01 ***.005. Abbreviation: BSD, bipolar spectrum disorders.