Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and clinical parameters by HBsAg serological status (HBsAg positive vs negative) in GBCS and MIDPC
| GBSC | MIDPC | GBCS+MIDPC | |||||||
| Negative | Positive | P value | Negative | Positive | P value | Negative | Positive | P value | |
| Number (%) | 4548 (91.9) | 399 (8.1) | – | 4109 (94.3) | 248 (5.7) | – | 8657 (93.0) | 647 (7.0) | – |
| Sex, % | |||||||||
| Women | 61.1 | 59.6 | 0.57 | 64.2 | 55.6 | 0.01 | 62.5 | 58.1 | 0.03 |
| Men | 38.9 | 40.4 | 35.8 | 44.4 | 37.5 | 41.9 | |||
| Age, years, M (IQR) | 61.9 (57.7 to 67.9) | 61.5 (57.5 to 67.2) | 0.37 | 67.0 (61.0 to 74.0) | 65.0 (58.5 to 69.5) | <0.001 | 64.8 (58.7 to 70.6) | 63.0 (57.7 to 68.0) | <0.001 |
| Age groups, years, % | |||||||||
| 18–49 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.74 | 4.2 | 8.9 | <0.001 | 2.0 | 3.4 | <0.001 |
| 50–64 | 65.0 | 65.8 | 30.4 | 35.5 | 48.5 | 54.2 | |||
| 65+ | 35.0 | 34.2 | 65.4 | 55.6 | 49.5 | 42.4 | |||
| Education, % | |||||||||
| Primary | 28.1 | 26.9 | 0.87 | 25.9 | 19.8 | 0.02 | 27.1 | 24.3 | 0.13 |
| Middle school | 60.5 | 61.3 | 60.3 | 69.8 | 60.4 | 64.4 | |||
| College or above | 11.4 | 11.8 | 13.8 | 10.4 | 12.5 | 11.3 | |||
| Occupation, % | |||||||||
| Manual | 54.9 | 57.3 | 0.65 | 16.1 | 17.4 | 0.07 | 37.1 | 43.4 | 0.01 |
| Non-manual | 26.3 | 24.6 | 21.8 | 15.1 | 24.2 | 21.3 | |||
| Others | 18.8 | 18.1 | 62.1 | 67.5 | 38.7 | 35.3 | |||
| Smoking status, % | |||||||||
| Never | 78.7 | 76.9 | 0.21 | 83.7 | 85.4 | 0.70 | 81.1 | 80.1 | 0.56 |
| Former | 9.8 | 8.8 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 8.3 | 8.0 | |||
| Current | 11.5 | 14.3 | 9.6 | 7.9 | 10.6 | 12.0 | |||
| Alcohol use, % | |||||||||
| Never | 75.5 | 79.8 | 0.06 | 96.4 | 97.4 | 0.42 | 85.2 | 86.4 | 0.45 |
| Ever | 24.5 | 20.2 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 14.8 | 13.6 | |||
| Physical activity, % | |||||||||
| Inactive | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.00 | 24.4 | 25.8 | 0.76 | 11.8 | 9.7 | 0.22 |
| Moderate | 16.1 | 16.0 | 27.4 | 28.6 | 21.3 | 20.5 | |||
| Active | 82.9 | 83.0 | 48.2 | 45.6 | 66.9 | 69.8 | |||
| BMI, kg/m2, % | |||||||||
| <18.5 | 4.6 | 6.0 | 0.38 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 0.07 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 0.13 |
| 18.5–23.9 | 51.3 | 52.0 | 50.9 | 46.9 | 51.1 | 50.1 | |||
| 24–27.9 | 34.8 | 31.7 | 34.4 | 33.5 | 34.6 | 32.3 | |||
| ≥28 | 9.3 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 15.5 | 9.7 | 12.3 | |||
| ALT, U/L, M (IQR) | 17.0 (13.0 to 22.0) | 19.5 (15.5 to 26.0) | <0.001 | 19.0 (15.0 to 25.0) | 24.0 (19.0 to 34.0) | <0.001 | 18.0 (14.0 to 24.0) | 22.0 (17.0 to 30.0) | <0.001 |
| AST, U/L, M (IQR) | 21.0 (18.0 to 25.0) | 23.0 (20.0 to 27.0) | <0.001 | 22.0 (19.0 to 26.0) | 26.0 (22.0 to 34.0) | <0.001 | 22.0 (19.0 to 26.0) | 25.0 (21.0 to 31.0) | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L, M (IQR) | 5.1 (4.7 to 5.5) | 5.1 (4.8 to 5.5) | 0.60 | 5.5 (4.9 to 6.4) | 5.5 (5.0 to 6.3) | 0.93 | 5.2 (4.8 to 5.8) | 5.2 (4.8 to 5.7) | 0.46 |
| 2 hour postload glucose, mmol/L, M (IQR) | 6.7 (5.7 to 7.9) | 6.7 (5.6 to 8.1) | 0.80 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| HbA1c, %, M (IQR) | 5.9 (5.6 to 6.1) | 5.9 (5.6 to 6.1) | 0.80 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Diabetes, % | 6.5 | 6.8 | 0.83 | 30.1 | 28.6 | 0.62 | 17.7 | 15.2 | 0.10 |
ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; BMI, body mass index; GBCS, Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin A1c; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; M, median; MIDPC, Major Infectious Disease Prevention and Control.