TABLE 4.
Patient outcomes, stratified by receipt of initial EMS care.
| Outcome | EMS Care (n=826) |
No EMS Care (n=515) |
Odds Ratio (95% CI) |
Model 1 OR (95% CI) |
Model 2 OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Organ Failure (in first week) | |||||
| Cardiovascular | 522 (63.2) | 287 (55.7) | 1.36 (1.09-1.71) | 1.26 (0.97-1.64) | 1.15 (0.88-1.51) |
| Respiratory | 348/813 (42.8) |
124/513 (24.2) |
2.34 (1.84-3.00) | 1.79 (1.33-2.41) | 1.75 (1.30-2.37) |
| Renal | 28/732 (3.8) | 19/446 (4.3) | 0.89 (0.49-1.62) | 0.64 (0.32-1.28) | 0.64 (0.32-1.28) |
| Death | |||||
| 60-day death | 187 (22.6) | 72 (14.0) | 1.80 (1.34-2.42) | 1.11 (0.79-1.56) | 1.09 (0.78-1.55) |
| 90-day death | 279/762 (36.6) | 117/470 (24.9) | 1.74 (1.35-2.25) | 1.11 (0.82-1.49) | 1.05 (0.82-1.49) |
| 1-year death | 374/825 (45.3) | 159/514 (30.9) | 1.85 (1.47-1.33) | 1.16 (0.88-1.52) | 1.15 (0.87-1.52) |
| Discharge Status at 60 days | |||||
| Discharged home | 352 (55.1) | 346 (78.1) | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Discharged to nursing home | 185 (29.0) | 67 (15.1) | 2.71 (1.98-3.72) | 1.37 (0.95-1.98) | 1.44 (0.97-2.15) |
| Long term acute facility | 47 (7.4) | 13 (2.9) | 3.55 (1.89-6.68) | 2.69 (1.32-5.49) | 2.86 (1.35-6.07) |
| Other | 34 (5.3) | 10 (2.3) | 3.34 (1.62-6.87) | 2.86 (1.31-6.20) | 3.01 (1.36-6.68) |
| Not Discharged | 7 (1.1) | 6 (1.4) | 1.15 (0.38-3.45) | 0.75 (0.22-2.54) | 0.64 (0.17-2.37) |
| Transferred to another care hospital | 14 (2.2) | 1 (0.2) | 13.76 (1.80-105.22) | 9.33 (1.19-73.27) | 8.73 (1.07-71.55) |
Model 1 - logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, nursing home, initial lactate levels, initial systolic blood pressure, baseline APACHE II.
Model 2 - mixed effects logistic regression model, with site as a random intercept