Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with and without tinnitus.
| Demographic data | Patients with tinnitus n = 12,657 |
Patients without tinnitus n = 25,314 |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | N | % | ||
| Age (years)a | 52 (41–64) | 52 (41–64) | 0.982 | ||
| ≥ 60 | 8,352 | 66.0 | 16,704 | 66.0 | |
| < 60 | 4,305 | 34.0 | 8,610 | 34.0 | |
| Sex | 0.999 | ||||
| Male | 6,028 | 47.6 | 12,056 | 47.6 | |
| Female | 6,629 | 52.4 | 13,258 | 52.4 | |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Hypertension | 4,047 | 32.0 | 6,530 | 25.8 | < 0.001* |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2,219 | 17.5 | 3,453 | 13.6 | < 0.001* |
| Coronary artery disease | 179 | 1.4 | 299 | 1.2 | 0.055 |
| Congestive heart failure | 523 | 4.1 | 756 | 3.0 | < 0.001* |
| Chronic lung disease | 2,389 | 18.9 | 3,492 | 13.8 | < 0.001* |
| Malignant neoplasms | 283 | 2.2 | 395 | 1.6 | < 0.001* |
| Head injury | 2030 | 16.0 | 3,158 | 12.5 | < 0.001* |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 983 | 7.8 | 1,357 | 5.4 | < 0.001* |
| Osteoarthritis | 3,448 | 27.2 | 4,799 | 19.0 | < 0.001* |
| Rheumatologic disease | 1,134 | 9.0 | 1,422 | 5.6 | < .001* |
| Degree of urbanization | 0.227 | ||||
| Urban | 7,374 | 58.3 | 14,940 | 59.0 | |
| Suburban | 3,974 | 31.4 | 7,697 | 30.4 | |
| Rural | 1,309 | 10.3 | 2,677 | 10.6 | |
| Income group | < 0.001* | ||||
| Low income | 6,089 | 48.1 | 13,002 | 51.4 | |
| Medium income | 4,898 | 38.7 | 9,343 | 36.9 | |
| High income | 1,670 | 13.2 | 2,969 | 11.7 | |
| Follow-up yearsa | 7.42 (6.09–8.71) | 7.40 (6.07–8.70) | 0.094 | ||
| Newly diagnosed AD | 398 | 3.1 | 501 | 2.0 | < 0.001* |
| Newly diagnosed PD | 211 | 1.7 | 249 | 1.0 | < 0.001* |
aIndicates median (interquartile range); AD indicates Alzheimer disease; PD indicates Parkinson disease.
*Indicates statistical significance.