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. 2020 Jul 22;10:12212. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69120-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The mediation analysis of DNA methylation at CpG 7 in association between prenatal famine exposure and adult waist circumference. Path (a) was defined as the effect of the independent variable (prenatal famine exposure) on the mediator (DNA methylation of CpG 7 at INSR). Path (b) was the effect of the mediator on the dependent variable by controlling the effect of the prenatal famine exposure. Path (c) was the total effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. Path (c′) shows the direct effect from independent variable to dependent variable. All the analysis adjusted for bisulfite batch, province, gender, physical activity level, the frequencies of meat, vegetables, fruit, milk, smoking and alcohol use.