Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants.
| Variables | Non-exposed group (n = 160) |
Prenatal famine exposed group (n = 75) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD), years | 54.6 ± 2.6 | 55.1 ± 0.8 | 0.149 |
| WC (mean ± SD), cm | 82.97 (9.78) | 85.86 (10.57) | 0.029 |
| BMI (mean ± SD), kg/m2 | 24.27 (3.85) | 24.43 (3.2) | 0.737 |
| Male, n (%) | 80 (50.0) | 37 (50.7) | 0.924 |
| PA level, n (%) | 0.621 | ||
| Light PA | 119 (74.4) | 60 (80.0) | |
| Moderate/vigorous PA | 41 (25.6) | 15 (20.0) | |
| Frequencies of food consumption | |||
| Meat, n (%) | 0.914 | ||
| < 1 times/day | 106 (66.3) | 47 (62.7) | |
| ≥ 1 times/day | 54 (33.8) | 28 (37.3) | |
| Vegetable, n (%) | 0.365 | ||
| < 1 times/day | 8 (5.0) | 6 (8.0) | |
| ≥ 1 times/day | 152 (95.0) | 69 (92.0) | |
| Fruit, n (%) | 0.645 | ||
| < 1 times/day | 101 (63.1) | 45 (60.0) | |
| ≥ 1 times/day | 59 (36.9) | 30 (40.0) | |
| Milk, n (%) | 0.472 | ||
| < 1 times/day | 138 (86.3) | 62 (82.7) | |
| ≥ 1 times/day | 22 (13.7) | 13 (17.3) | |
| Lifestyle behaviors | |||
| Smoking, n (%) | 0.665 | ||
| < 400 cigarettes | 107 (66.9) | 48 (64.0) | |
| ≥ 400 cigarettes | 53 (33.1) | 27 (36.0) | |
| Drinking, n (%) | 0.071 | ||
| Current drinking | 105 (65.6) | 40 (53.3) | |
| Non-current drinking | 55 (34.4) | 35 (46.7) | |
SD standard deviation, PA physical activity, WC waist circumference, BMI body mass index.