Exercise training improves multiple domains of executive function (EF), including inhibition, updating, and shifting.

Exercise training leads to improved EF regardless of frequency, intensity, type, session time, length, and sex for all age groups except those over 75 years of age.

Exercise training with a frequency of 3–4 times per week, with vigorous intensity, and other forms of exercise/Tai Chi and yoga, as well as a length of training period from 1 to 3 months, produces larger beneficial effects on EF.

Young-old (55–65 years old) and mid-old (66–75 years old) individuals with intact cognitive abilities, particularly those who were initially sedentary, experience benefits on EF from exercise training interventions.