Figure 2.

Summary of recent advancement toward heart regeneration. A schematic representation of factors promoting (blue box) and inhibiting (pink box) cardiac regeneration. After an injury, scar area consists of unhealthy or dead cardiomyocytes, infiltrated with immune cells and repopulation of the scar are with fibroblast. Cardiomyocyte proliferation can be achieved through inhibition of Hippo pathway, expressing cell cycle regulators in cardiomyocytes, inhibition of thyroid hormone, manipulating extracellular matrix. Cardiac regeneration can also be achieved by activating heart resident macrophages, activation of T^reg cell, increase in collateral artery and increased lymphogenesis.