FIGURE 1.

Overview of FMRP function in stress granules, mRNP, local translation at the synapse and FXGs. Stress granules, membrane-less organelles with translationally repressed mRNAs, are in dynamic equilibrium with mRNAs being actively translated. mRNAs can also be sequestered into the mRNP transport granules, through which transcribes can be spatially regulated. For instance, transcripts can be transported to the synapse for localized translation. The formation of FXGs can regulate protein synthesis in the presynaptic terminal. FMRP has been shown to play a role in stress granule dynamics and mRNP granules. FMRP has also been well-studied function as a translational repressor at the synapse, regulating local protein synthesis and synaptic function. Additionally, FMRP homologues FXR1 and FXR2 have been shown to be present in FXGs