Table 3.
Effect of dhps A581G Mutation on the Impact of Recent SP on Birth Outcomes Among Women Receiving IPTp-SP
| Variable | All Women | SP ≥ 28 d Before Delivery | SP < 28 d Before Delivery | Mean Difference (95% CI) | P Valuea | Interaction Termb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth weight, No., mean (SD), g | ||||||
| Overall | 55, 2950 (471) | 20, 2941 (610) | 35, 2956 (379) | 15 (−252 to 282) | .911 | |
| dhps A581 | 46, 3018 (418) | 17, 3092 (463) | 29,2974 (390) | −118 (−375 to 139) | .361 | |
| dhps A581G | 9, 2606 (596) | 3, 2083 (722) | 6, 2867 (339) | 783 (−20 to 1586) | .054 | |
| Mean difference (95% CI) | −412 (−740 to −84) | −1009 (−1665 to −353) | −107 (−457 to 242) | |||
| P valuea | .015 | .005 | .536 | |||
| 0.005 | ||||||
| Parasite density, No., median (IQR), ng/µL × 10−3 | ||||||
| Overall | 58, 0.10 (0.03 to 0.70) | 22, 0.09 (0.03 to 3.4) | 36, 0.10 (0.03 to 0.53) | .737 | ||
| dhps A581 | 49, 0.09 (0.03 to 0.60) | 19, 0.11 (0.02 to 3.4) | 30, 0.08 (0.03 to 0.31) | .594 | ||
| dhps A581G | 9, 0.11 (0.04 to 3.0) | 3, 0.04 (0.03 to 125) | 6, 1.10 (0.04 to 3.0) | .796 | ||
| P valuea | .269 | .811 | .188 | |||
| 0.615 | ||||||
| Intervillous inflammation leukocytes ≥ 5, % (n/N) | ||||||
| Overall | 38 (22/58) | 36 (8/22) | 39 (14/36) | .847 | ||
| dhps A581 | 39 (19/49) | 42 (8/19) | 37 (11/30) | .703 | ||
| dhps A581G | 33 (3/9) | 0 (0/3) | 50 (3/6) | .134 | ||
| P valuea | .757 | .159 | .541 | |||
| 0.811 | ||||||
| Maternal hemoglobin at delivery, No., mean (SD), g/dL | ||||||
| Overall | 58, 12.2 (1.6) | 22, 12.1 (1.4) | 36, 12.8 (2.6) | 0.35 (−.53 to 1.2) | .427 | |
| dhps A581 | 49, 12.1 (1.4) | 19, 12.0 (1.1) | 30, 12.1 (1.5) | 0.08 (−.73 to .89) | .836 | |
| dhps A581G | 9, 12.8 (2.6) | 3, 11.6 (0.9) | 6, 13.4 (3.1) | 1.75 (−2.7 to 6.2) | .379 | |
| Mean difference (95% CI) | 0.72 (−.44 to 1.9) | −0.39 (−1.8 to .99) | 1.3 (−.40 to 2.9) | |||
| P valuea | .219 | .560 | .130 | |||
| 0.273 | ||||||
| Gestational age at delivery, No., mean (SD), wk | ||||||
| Overall | 56, 37.8 (1.8) | 21, 37.6 (2.3) | 35, 38.0 (1.4) | 0.40 (−.60 to 1.4) | .426 | |
| dhps A581 | 47, 38.0 (1.4) | 18, 38.2 (1.5) | 29, 37.9 (1.4) | 0.24 (−1.1 to .64) | .590 | |
| dhps A581G | 9, 36.8 (3.0) | 3, 34.0 (3.5) | 6, 38.2 (1.6) | 4.2 (.33 to 8.0) | .037 | |
| Mean difference (95% CI) | −1.2 (−2.5 to .04) | −4.2 (−6.6 to −1.8) | 0.24 (−1.1 to 1.5) | |||
| P valuea | .057 | .002 | .714 | |||
| 0.001 | ||||||
| Weight-for-age Z-score, No., mean (SD) | ||||||
| Overall | 55, 0.30 (0.9) | 20, 0.31 (0.9) | 35, 0.30 (0.8) | −0.01 (−.50 to .48) | .967 | |
| dhps A581 | 46, 0.36 (0.9) | 17, 0.47 (0.8) | 29, 0.29 (0.9) | −0.18 (−.72 to .35) | .495 | |
| dhps A581G | 9, 0.02 (0.8) | 3, −0.62 (1.2) | 6, 0.34 (0.4) | 0.96 (−.28 to 2.2) | .109 | |
| Mean difference (95% CI) | −0.33 (−.96 to .30) | −1.1 (−2.3 to .07) | 0.05 (−.71 to .82) | |||
| P valuea | .292 | .064 | .886 | |||
| 0.254 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IPTp-SP, intermittent preventive therapy during pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine; IQR, interquartile range; SP, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.
aComputed by linear regression or the Kruskall-Wallis test (for continuous variables) or the χ 2 test (for categorical variables).
bComputed by the Wald test.